Type 2 diabetes drugs Flashcards
canagliflozin (invokana)
SGLT2 inhibitor
-Prevent glucose reabsorption in kidney
-Blocks SGLT1
——–
-T2D
-does not cause hypoglycemia
-can be used as combo
—–
-gential and UTI
-may increase keto acidosis
-increased risk of amputation
Dapagliflozin (Forxiga)
SGLT2 inhibitor
-Prevent glucose reabsorption in kidney
——–
-T2D
-does not cause hypoglycemia
-can be used as combo
—–
-gential and UTI
-may increase keto acidosis
Empagliflozin
SGLT2 inhibitor
-Prevent glucose reabsorption in kidney
——–
-T2D
-does not cause hypoglycemia
-can be used as combo
—–
-gential and UTI
-may increase keto acidosis
Ertugliflozin (steglatro)
SGLT2 inhibitor
-Prevent glucose reabsorption in kidney
——–
-T2D
-does not cause hypoglycemia
-can be used as combo
—–
-gential and UTI
-may increase keto acidosis
Bexagliflozin (brenzavvy)
SGLT2 inhibitor
-Prevent glucose reabsorption in kidney
——–
-T2D
-does not cause hypoglycemia
-can be used as combo
—–
-gential and UTI
-may increase keto acidosis
exenatide
GLP-1 agonist
-increase insulin
-decrease glucagon
-slow stomach emptying
-reduce appetite
——-
-T2D
-low risk of hypoglycemia
——–
-increased heart rate
-pancreatitis
-can have neutralizing antibodies develop
Liraglutide
GLP-1 agonist
-increase insulin
-decrease glucagon
-slow stomach emptying
-reduce appetite
——-
-T2D
-low risk of hypoglycemia
——–
-increased heart rate
-pancreatitis
Albiglutide
GLP-1 agonist
-increase insulin
-decrease glucagon
-slow stomach emptying
-reduce appetite
——-
-T2D
-low risk of hypoglycemia
——–
-increased heart rate
-pancreatitis
Lixisenatide
GLP-1 agonist
-increase insulin
-decrease glucagon
-slow stomach emptying
-reduce appetite
——-
-T2D
-low risk of hypoglycemia
——–
-increased heart rate
-pancreatitis
dulaglutide
GLP-1 agonist
-increase insulin
-decrease glucagon
-slow stomach emptying
-reduce appetite
——-
-T2D
-low risk of hypoglycemia
——–
-increased heart rate
-pancreatitis
Semaglutide
GLP-1 agonist
-increase insulin
-decrease glucagon
-slow stomach emptying
-reduce appetite
——-
-T2D
-low risk of hypoglycemia
——–
-increased heart rate
-pancreatitis
Sitagliptin
DPP-4 inhibitor
-reduce the breakdown of GLP-1 peptide
——–
-T2D
-Oral medication is nicer
——–
-pancreatitis
-block degradation of other peptides
vildagliptin
DPP-4 inhibitor
-reduce the breakdown of GLP-1 peptide
——–
-T2D
-Oral medication is nicer
——–
-pancreatitis
-block degradation of other peptides
saxagliptin
DPP-4 inhibitor
-reduce the breakdown of GLP-1 peptide
——–
-T2D
-Oral medication is nicer
——–
-pancreatitis
-block degradation of other peptides
alogliptin
DPP-4 inhibitor
-reduce the breakdown of GLP-1 peptide
——–
-T2D
-Oral medication is nicer
——–
-pancreatitis
-block degradation of other peptides
linagliptin
DPP-4 inhibitor
-reduce the breakdown of GLP-1 peptide
——–
-T2D
-Oral medication is nicer
——–
-pancreatitis
-block degradation of other peptides
Acarbose
alpha-glucosidase inhibitors
-prevent break down to absorbable mono saccharides
———
-T2D
———
-fltulence
miglitol
alpha-glucosidase inhibitors
-prevent break down to absorbable mono saccharides
———
-T2D
———
-fltulence
Voglibose
alpha-glucosidase inhibitors
-prevent break down to absorbable mono saccharides
———
-T2D
———
-fltulence
Rosiglitazone
Insulin sensitizer
-Bind PPAR gamma, to induce glucose uptake into adipose tissues
———
-T2D
-takes 6-12 weeks to work
——–
-weight gain
Pioglitazone
Insulin sensitizer
-Bind PPAR gamma, to induce glucose uptake into adipose tissues
———
-T2D
-takes 6-12 weeks to work
——–
-weight gain
Troglitazone
Insulin sensitizer
-Bind PPAR gamma, to induce glucose uptake into adipose tissues
———
-T2D
-takes 6-12 weeks to work
——–
-weight gain
Tolbutamide
1st gen secretagogues
-Bind K+ channels causing depol and insulin release
——–
-T2D
———
-cardiac issues from K+ binding
-hypoglycemia
-weight gain
Chlorpropamide
1st gen secretagogues
-Bind K+ channels causing depol and insulin release
——–
-T2D
———
-cardiac issues from K+ binding
-hypoglycemia
-weight gain
Acetohexamide
1st gen secretagogues
-Bind K+ channels causing depol and insulin release
——–
-T2D
———
-cardiac issues from K+ binding
-hypoglycemia
-weight gain
Glyburide
2nd gen secretagogues
-Bind different K+ channels causing depol and insulin release
——–
-T2D
———
-cardiac issues from K+ binding Less than 1st gen
-hypoglycemia
-weight gain
Glipizide
2nd gen secretagogues
-Bind different K+ channels causing depol and insulin release
——–
-T2D
———
-cardiac issues from K+ binding Less than 1st gen
-hypoglycemia
-weight gain
Glimepiride
2nd gen secretagogues (maybe 3rd)
-Bind K+ channels causing depol and insulin release
——–
-T2D
———
-cardiac issues from K+ binding Less than 1st gen
-hypoglycemia
-weight gain
Repaglinide
Non-sulfonylurea secretagogue
-bind different location on K+ channels causing insulin release
-rapid on/off
——–
-T2D
——–
-Less hypoglycemia
-weight gain
Nateglinide
Non-sulfonylurea secretagogue
-bind different location on K+ channels causing insulin release
-rapid on/off
——–
-T2D
——–
-Less hypoglycemia
-weight gain
