Diuretics drugs

Question 1

Furosemide

Answer 1

Loop diuretic
-Na+/K+/Cl2- inhibitor
-Bind to Cl site
-15-25% Na+ excretion
-vasodilator from reduced AT2 and NA sensitivity
———
-pulmonary edema
-heart failure
-cirrhosis
-nephrotic syndrome
-renal failure
-Preferred for HTN with poor renal function
——–
-hypovolemia
-hypokalemia
-hyperuricemia
-hearing loss

Question 2

Bumetanide

Answer 2

Loop diuretic
-Na+/K+/Cl2- inhibitor
-Bind to Cl site
-15-25% Na+ excretion
-vasodilator from reduced AT2 and NA sensitivity
———
-pulmonary edema
-heart failure
-cirrhosis
-nephrotic syndrome
-renal failure
-Preferred for HTN with poor renal function
——–
-hypovolemia
-hypokalemia
-hyperuricemia
-hearing loss

Question 3

Bendroflumethaizide

Answer 3

-Thiazide diuretic
-Bind and activate Na+/Cl-
-stimulate renin release
-reduce Ca+ loss (good for osteoporosis
——-
-HTN
-mild heart failure
-resistant edema
-diabetes insipidus
-HTN with normal renal function
——
-erectile dysfunction
-impaired glucose tolerance (prevents uptake)
-hypokalemia

Question 4

hydrochlorothiazide

Answer 4

-Thiazide diuretic
-Bind and activate Na+/Cl-
-stimulate renin release
-reduce Ca+ loss (good for osteoporosis
——-
-HTN
-mild heart failure
-resistant edema
-diabetes insipidus
-HTN with normal renal function
——
-erectile dysfunction
-impaired glucose tolerance (prevents uptake)
-hypokalemia

Question 5

Chlortalidone

Answer 5

-Thiazide like diuretic
-Bind and activate Na+/Cl-
-stimulate renin release
-reduce Ca+ loss (good for osteoporosis
——-
-HTN
-mild heart failure
-resistant edema
-diabetes insipidus
-HTN with normal renal function
——
-erectile dysfunction
-impaired glucose tolerance (prevents uptake)
-hypokalemia

Question 6

Indapamide

Answer 6

-Thiazide like diuretic
-Bind and activate Na+/Cl-
-stimulate renin release
-reduce Ca+ loss (good for osteoporosis
——-
-HTN
-mild heart failure
-resistant edema
-diabetes insipidus
-HTN with normal renal function
——
-erectile dysfunction
-impaired glucose tolerance (prevents uptake)
-hypokalemia

Question 7

Metolazone

Answer 7

-Thiazide like diuretic
-Block Na+/Cl-
-stimulate renin release
-reduce Ca+ loss (good for osteoporosis
——-
-HTN
-mild heart failure
-resistant edema
-diabetes insipidus
-HTN with normal renal function
——
-erectile dysfunction
-impaired glucose tolerance (prevents uptake)
-hypokalemia

Question 8

Spironolactone

Answer 8

aldosterone antagonist
-binds intracellular receptor
-prevents Na+ retention and K+ secretion
———
-secondary hyperaldosteronism
-heart failure
-primary hyperaldosteronism
-resistant HTN
———-
-hyperkalemia
-gynecomastia (menstrual and testicular issues)

Question 9

Eplerenone

Answer 9

aldosterone antagonist
-binds intracellular receptor
-prevents Na+ retention and K+ secretion
———
-secondary hyperaldosteronism
-heart failure
-primary hyperaldosteronism
-resistant HTN
———-
-hyperkalemia
-gynecomastia (menstrual and testicular issues)

Question 10

Triamterene

Answer 10

/
-inhibit Na+/K+ channels regulated by aldosterone
——–
-combined with other diuretics to prevent hypokalemia
—–
-Hyperkalemia

Question 11

Amiloride

Answer 11

/
-inhibit Na+ channels regulated by aldosterone
——–
-combined with other diuretics to prevent hypokalemia
—–
-Hyperkalemia

Question 12

Mannitol

Answer 12

Sugar and osmotic diuretic
-pulls water out of cells
——–
-acute renal failure
-acute intra cranial or ocular pressure
——–
-left ventricle failure (pulls water form myocytes)