Herpes drugs

Question 1

Acyclovir

Answer 1

Guanosine analog
First phosphorylation by viral kinase (adds selectivity)
then gets incorporated to cause chain termination
——
-Viruses

Question 2

Valacyclovir

Answer 2

Prodrug of acyclovir Guanosine analog
First phosphorylation by viral kinase (adds selectivity)
then gets incorporated to cause chain termination
——
-Viruses (HSV 1/2, VZV)

Question 3

Famciclovir

Answer 3

Prodrug for penciclovir
Guanosine analog
First phosphorylation by viral kinase (adds selectivity)
then gets incorporated to cause chain termination
——
-viruses
-HIV/HSV
—–
-well tolerated

Question 4

Valganciclovir

Answer 4

Prodrug for Ganciclovir
Guanosine analog
First phosphorylation by viral kinase (adds selectivity) then gets incorporated to cause chain termination
——
-viruses (CMV* and HSV)
—–
-myelotoxic
-teratogenic

Question 5

Cidofovir

Answer 5

Guanosine analog
First phosphorylation already done just needs two cellular kinases then gets incorporated to cause chain termination
——
-viruses (everything)
—–
-nephrotoxicity
-neutropenia

Question 6

Foscarnet

Answer 6

/
Binds directly to viral DNA pol at PPi binding site stopping pol
——–
-AIDS/HSV,VZV
-things resistant to analogs from kinase deficiency
——-
-renal impairment
-hypocalcemia

Question 7

Idoxuridine

Answer 7

Thymine analog
phosphorylated by cellular kinases then DNA incorporated and chain termination
——–
-only topical as not selective
-epithelial keratitis (HSV 1/2)
——-
-high toxicity due to Non selective

Question 8

Trifluridine

Answer 8

Thymine analog
phosphorylated by cellular kinases then DNA incorporated and chain termination
-mono phosphate molecule irrersibly inhibits thymidylate synthase decreasing dTTP and increasing Trifluridine incorp
——–
-only topical as not selective
-epithelial keratitis (HSV 1/2)
——-
-high toxicity due to Non selective

Question 9

Vidarabine

Answer 9

Adenosine analog
uses cellular kinases
——-
-topical only
-viruses (HSV 1/2, VZV, EBV)
——–

Question 10

Docosanol

Answer 10

/
inhibits in vitro replication of lipid virus envelopes preventing viral cell entry
———
-common over the counter for orolabial herpes (HSV)

Question 11

Fomivirsen

Answer 11

Olgionucleotide mRNA strand that binds to viral ribosomes and prevents other mRNA translation
-also messes with viral binding to cells
———
-CMV
-Viruses