Test Your Knowledge 2 Flashcards
Name some common NM manifestations of Graves’ disease
- Chronic periarthritis and calcific arthritis, usually in the shoulder
- Proximal muscle weakness
Graves’ disease: What can chronic periarthritis and calcific arthritis progress to?
Adhesive capsulitis
Graves’ disease: What is chronic periarthritis and calcific arthritis characterized by?
- pain
- reduced ROM
Proximal muscle weakness with Graves’ disease is most significant here
- pelvic girdle
- thigh
*atrophy
What are the 3 major types of medical tx for hyperthyroidism?
- radioactive iodine (RAI)
- Antithyroid agents
- Thyroidectomy
Which thyroid tx is most commonly used for pts under 12 or pregnant?
Antithyroid agents
Which thyroid tx is the first choice for those under 18?
Radioactive iodine (RAI)
How long does it take for RAI tx to be effective?
Several months
What is a thyroid storm?
Acute episode of thyroid overactivity
Describe what an episode of thyroid storm would look like
- high fever (105˚)
- severe tachycardia
- delirium
- dehydration
- agitation
What does a thyroid storm require?
IMMEDIATE MEDICAL REFERRAL
What is more common, hyper or hypothyroidism?
Hypothyroidism
What is cretinism?
Hypothyroidism present in fetal development
What does cretinism usually result from?
- absent thyroid tissue
- hereditary defects in thyroid hormone synthesis
Why is it important that cretinism be identified and addressed promptly?
- the brain is still developing at that point
- cognitive damage not likely to be reversible, but physical defects can be
How is hypothyroidism classified?
Type 1: primary (hormone deficient)
Type 2: secondary (hormone resistant)
Which type of hypothyroidism is the most common?
Type 1: primary (hormone deficient)
Hypothyroidism:
Type 1: primary (hormone deficient)
- Reduced function of thyroid tissue or
- impaired hormonal synthesis
Hypothyroidism:
Type 2: primary (hormone resistant)
inadequate stimulation of gland due to dysfunction of
- pituitary
- hypothalamus
Describe the pathogenesis of hypothyroidism
- loss of thyroid tissue »
» decreased secretion of thyroid hormone »
» TSH secretion is increased from anterior pituitary to attempt to stimulate production of thyroid hormone »
» thyroid unable to respond fully to TSH, so not enough T3 and T4 reach organs »
» pituitary continues to release more TSH (trying to stimulate)»
» Increased TSH levels in the blood
What is the result of increased TSH in the blood?
- Bradycardia
- Decreased GI motility
- Slowed neurogenic function
- Decreased body heat production
- Increased serum cholesterol and triglycerides
- Potential for anemia
What does increased serum cholesterol and triglycerides result in?
- arteriosclerosis
- CAD
What is the most commonly used medical test to diagnose functional thyroid dysfunction?
TSH test (easy and cheap)
Which tests are used to corroborate the results of the TSH test for functional thyroid dysfunction?
T3 and T4 tests
