Beetus 1

Question 1

Pancreas is composed of two major types of tissues:

Answer 1

• Acini

- Islets of Langerhaans

Question 2

What do Acini cells do?

Answer 2

• exocrine function

- secrete digestive juices into the duodenum

Question 3

What do Islets of Langerhans do?

Answer 3

• endocrine

- secrete insulin and glucagon directly into the blood

Question 4

What types of cells are contained in the islets?

Answer 4

• Alpha
• Beta
• Delta
• PP

Question 5

These cells comprise about 60% of the islet cells

Answer 5

Beta cells

Question 6

Where are beta cells located?

Answer 6

Mainly in the middle of each islet

Question 7

Beta cells secrete

Answer 7

• amylin

- insulin

Question 8

What does insulin do?

Answer 8

• facilitates entrance of glucose into cells

- lowers blood glucose

Question 9

What does amylin do?

Answer 9

• inhibits insulin secretion

- any other effects unknown

Question 10

These cells constitute about 25% of total islet cells

Answer 10

Alpha cells

Question 11

What do alpha cells secrete?

Answer 11

Glucagon

Question 12

What does glucagon do?

Answer 12

• Increases blood glucose by stimulating the liver and other storage cells
• done to release stored glucose

Question 13

These cells constitute about 10% of the total islet cells

Answer 13

Delta cells

Question 14

What do delta cells secrete?

Answer 14

Somatostatin

Question 15

What does somatostatin do?

Answer 15

Helps regulate the release of insulin and glucagon

Question 16

PP cells prevalence

Answer 16

Very few in number

Question 17

What do PP cells do?

Answer 17

• secrete a hormone called pancreatic polypeptide

- uncertain function

Question 18

The close interrelations among islet cell types allow:

Answer 18

• cell to cell communication

- direct control of secretion of some hormones by the others

Question 19

How does insulin impact glucagon secretion?

Answer 19

Insulin inhibits glucagon

Question 20

Amylin and insulin

Answer 20

Amylin inhibits insulin secretion

Question 21

What does somatostatin inhibit?

Answer 21

Secretion of both insulin and glucagon