Hepatic, Pancreatic, Biliary 3

Question 1

These types of Hep have fecal oral transmission and are easily spread

Answer 1

Hep A & E

Question 2

Hep A/E are usually a result of

Answer 2

• poor sanitation

- food contamination

Question 3

Which one has a vaccine? Hep A or E?

Answer 3

HEV

Question 4

These strains of hepatitis use bloodborne transmission to blood or other bodily fluids

Answer 4

HBV
HCV
HDV
HGV

Question 5

This type of hepatitis may be fatal and vaccines are required for health workers

Answer 5

HBV

Question 6

HDV must have this present to co-infect

Answer 6

HBV

Question 7

• Growing concerns over transplants and ACL allografts

- not generally a big risk for HC workers

Answer 7

HCV

Question 8

What is HGV?

Answer 8

• designation for a virus
• percutaneous transmission
• lasts about 10 years

Question 9

Who usually gets HGV?

Answer 9

IV drug users

Question 10

Looking at liver issues, these are the big clues!

Answer 10

• pain
• jaundice
• fever
• fatigue

Question 11

precautions for hepatitis

Answer 11

universal precautions

• handwashing
• gloves
• gown if needed

for all viral hepatitis

Question 12

4 stages of hepatitis

Answer 12

1. incubation/preclinical
2. prodromal/preicteric
3. icteric
4. recovery/convalescence

Question 13

incubation/preclinical hepatitis: time frame/overall

Answer 13

10-50 days

asymptomatic

Question 14

prodromal/preicteric hepatitis: time frame/overall

Answer 14

1-3 weeks

start to get sick

Question 15

icteric hepatitis: time frame/overall

Answer 15

2-4 weeks

active illness

Question 16

recovery/convalescence hepatitis: time frame/overall

Answer 16

3-4 months

easily fatigued

Question 17

What is associated with chronic active hepatitis (CAH)?

Answer 17

prolonged (6 months or more) liver inflammation after unresolved viral hepatitis

Question 18

CAH can be caused by

Answer 18

• virus

- drug sensitivity

Question 19

CAH caused by drug sensitivity: ex.

Answer 19

• INH for TB
• aldomet for HTN
• statin drugs

Question 20

What is CAH treated with?

Answer 20

• steroids

- interferon-alpha-2b injections (Pegasys interferon tx)

Question 21

side effects of CAH tx

Answer 21

• fatigue
• HA
• myalgia
• fever
• irritability
• GI upset

Question 22

other associated conditions with chronic hepatitis

Answer 22

• Wilson’s disease
• hematochromatosis
• nonviral hepatitis

Question 23

What is the leading cause of liver failure?

Answer 23

Tylenol (Acetomenophen)

Question 24

What is Wilson’s disease?

Answer 24

• destruction of liver tissue
• replaced by fibrous bands
• impairs blood and lymph flow

Question 25

NAFLD

Answer 25

non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Question 26

NAFLD: prevalence

Answer 26

• 25% of Americans develop

- usu associated with metabolic syndrome, obesity, DM

Question 27

NAFLD: heavy exercise

Answer 27

• watch it
• fatigue and decreased blood flow
• major precautions with liver disease

Question 28

As the liver fails, what develops?

Answer 28

portal hypertension

Question 29

What is portal hypertension

Answer 29

• increased pressure in portal vein from GI and spleen

- backs up into esophagus, stomach, spleen

Question 30

What may arise from portal hypertension?

Answer 30

• ascites

- esophageal varices

Question 31

ascites may cause pain here

Answer 31

• groin

- lumbar

Question 32

esophageal varices

Answer 32

• dilated veins in lower esophagus
• result of portal vein backup
• can rupture

Question 33

rehab considerations: acute liver diseases

Answer 33

• 4-6 weeks of rest needed

- limit activity

Question 34

rehab considerations: chronic liver diseases

Answer 34

• diminished energy
• easy fatigue
• rel pathophys in renal, GI, pulmonary systems

*monitor cardiovascular activity, bone pain, rel MSK responses to exercise

Question 35

What causes hepatic coma?

Answer 35

as liver fails, can’t detoxify ammonia from intestine