test 8 Flashcards by jenna .

growing just enough food to survive

subsistence farming

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most critical factor for the advancement of a nation

mastery of food supply

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steel plow

John Deere

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allowed work to be done in homes or private shops

domestic system

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mechanical reaper

Cyrus McCormick

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wages compared to the cost of living

real wages

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large number of people employed to produce goods in manufactured ways

factory system

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flying shuttle

John Kay

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industrial revolution began here

England’s textile factories

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spinning mule

Samuel Crompton

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enabled landowners to control livestock

enclosure movement

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practical, coal-burning steam engine

James Watt

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cotton gin

Eli Whitney

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miners safety lamp

Sir Humphrey Davy

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first electric telegraph machine

Samuel Morse

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canals

Erie and suez

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first steam-powered LOCOTMOTIVE

Stephenson

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first modern automobile

Henry ford

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first steamSHIP

Fulton

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first transatlantic cable

Cyrus Field

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Diesel Engine

Rudolph Diesel

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first vaccine for small pox

Edward Jenner

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atomic theory

Dalton

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internal combustion engine

Daimler

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gave the process of converting iron to steel

Henry Bessemer & William Kelly

first working telephone

Alexander Graham Bell

developed antiseptics

Joseph Lister

one of the greatest inventors

Thomas Edison

essay question: Main Characteristics of a capitalist (free enterprise) economy

1. Private ownership of production 2. Investments are made by private citizens 3. Prices and production of goods are based on the economy not the government 4. GNP (Gross National Product) is usually high

founded largest steel company in the world

Carneige

known for banking

JP Morgan

our economic growth can be contributed to _____

capitalism

largely responsible for capitalism in America; wrote wealth of nations

Adam Smith

founded and owned the largest oil company in America

Rockefeller

donating money to social causes to help the less fortunate

philanthropy

Victoria's age when she became queen; reign?

18; 64 years

Victoria's husband

Prince Albert

the right to vote

Suffrage

represented liberals

William *Gladstone*

represented conservatives; they are the upper class of england

Benjamin *Disraeli*

best known preacher of victorian england

Charles Spurgeon

best known preacher in America

DL moody

cricket player

C.T. Studd

founded china Inland mission

J. Hudson Taylor

modern nursing profession

Florence Nightingale

negotiated treaty of trade between America and japan

Matthew Perry

first ambassador to Japan who helped bring missionaries

Townshend Harris

one of the first missionaries to the interior of Japan

Joseph Harty/Neesima

first Baptist missionary to Japan; invented rigshaw

Goble

German known for building orphanages and strongest prayer life

George Muler

offered food and shelter to working men

YMCA

founder of the Salvation Army in England

William Booth

Florence nightingale popular in what war

Crimean War

establishment of colonies to benefit an empire

imperialism

essay option: reasons for British expansion

Economic Growth (GOLD) Religious Outreach (GOD) Patriotic Pride (GLORY)

negotiations between government of nations; most of England's growth came from this

Diplomacy

powerful trading company that gained control of India

East India Company

rebellion that came as a result of westerners being insensitive to Indian culture; how did England regain control?

Sepoy Rebellion; India Act

translated the Bible into over 400 Indian dialects

William Carey

rescued young Indian girls from Pagan Temples

Carmichael

crossed Sahara desert

Clapperton

most famous missionary explorer of Africa

Livingstone

sent to find Livingstone

Henry Stanley

first independent African republic

Liberia

missionary to Liberia

Teague

earliest European settlers to south Africa

Afrikaners (Dutch)

Dutch Farmers

Boers

The Boers moved north (“Great Trek”) and established the _______ and _____

orange free state and transvaal

won Boer war

British

explored Australia

James Cook

increased Australian population

Gold Rush

natives of Australia

Aborigines

natives of New Zealand

Maoris

recognizes British monarch as head

British Commonwealth of nations

major topic of tension between England and Ireland

religion; Protestant vs. Catholic

Queen victoria's son

Edward VII

review ch21