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10th grade history > ch 8(rome) > Flashcards

ch 8(rome) Flashcards

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1
Q

Peninsula of Rome

A

Italian/APPENINE Peninsula

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2
Q

3 main islands surrounding Italy

A

Corsica, Sardinia, and Sicily

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3
Q

form a northern border for the (roman) peninsula

A

The Alps

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4
Q

an Itali tribe that founded Rome in 753 B.C.

A

Latins

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5
Q

Northern Italian seafaring people; created social classes of patricians (upper class) and plebeians (lower class)

A

Etruscans

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6
Q

two social classes of rome

A

patricians (upper class) and plebeians (lower class)

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7
Q

Name given to southern Italy/ people were settling here that were influenced by greece

A

Magna Graecia meaning Greater Greece

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8
Q

Rome’s greatest rival in the Western Mediterranean (Northern Africa)

A

Carthage

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9
Q

European Barbarians who lived in Europe

A

Gauls

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10
Q

What did parents teach

A

pietas(piety), gravitas(gravity), and dignitas(dignity)

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11
Q

Rome’s main temple

A

Pantheon

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12
Q

who lead roman education

A

parents

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13
Q

tutored roman sons (if wealthy)

A

pedagogue (slave)

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14
Q

Founding of Rome

A

753 B.C.

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15
Q

elected political group that represented the citizens of rome (commoners)

A

Assembly

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16
Q

advisory body to the king

A

Senate

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17
Q

replaces the Assembly; represented centuries (military units) of citizen-soldiers

A

Assembly of Centuries

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18
Q

the people revolted against the king and established what in 509 B.C.

A

Roman Republic

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19
Q

a form of government where the political powers belong to the people

A

Republic

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20
Q

two men who led the government; they could check each other’s power and veto (“I forbid”; latin word)

A

Consuls

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21
Q

the most powerful and prestigious body of the Republican Rome

A

the senate

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22
Q

were plebeians represented?

A

no

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23
Q

plebeians gained political power by creating what in 493 B.C.

A

concilium plebis

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24
Q

latin word meaning “I forbid”

A

veto

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25
Q

monarch who represented the plebeians

A

Tribune

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26
Q

laws written down giving the plebs more political power; all citizens could vote and hold public office

A

Twelve tables (451 B.C.)

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27
Q

2 of Rome’s greatest contributions to western citizens

A

Republican form of government and reverence for rule of law

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28
Q

military units; made sure there was no talk of rebellion

A

legions

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29
Q

date that all of italy belonged to Rome (their legions discouraged rebellion)

A

256 B.C.

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30
Q

Date of First Punic War

A

264-241 B.C.

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31
Q

invaded the island of Sicily (in the first punic war)

A

Carthage

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32
Q

What did Rome created to defend Sicily

A

a powerful navy

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33
Q

what did rome end up controlling in the first punic war?

A

the Mediterranean Sea

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34
Q

Second Punic War dates

A

218-202 B.C.

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35
Q

Carthaginian general who invaded Rome across the Alps; fought in Italy for 12 years

A

Hannibal

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36
Q

What did Hannibal(he was from Africa) use to invade rome with

A

elephants

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37
Q

sent to attack Carthage

A

Scipio sent to attack Carthage

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38
Q

hannibal was defeated (by scipio and his army) in what battle

A

Battle of Zama

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39
Q

Rome invaded and decisively destroyed Carthage in this battle (final defeat of carthage)

A

Third Punic War

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40
Q

dates for third punic war

A

149-146 B.C

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41
Q

Rome conquered what in 146 B.C.

A

Greece and Macedonia

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42
Q

The Middle East fell by ____?

A

133 B.C.

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43
Q

Roman Empire controlled what in 133 B.C.

A

The entire Mediterrannean world

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44
Q

problems with rise of roman empire/roman empire success

A
  1. Good character traits disappeared
  2. Economic Decline; wealth went mostly to patricians
  3. “Bread and Circuses”
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45
Q

Provided free food and entertainment

A

“Bread and Circuses”

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46
Q

prisoners of war forced to fight in public shows

A

Gladiators

47
Q

instituted reforms and were opposed by the Senate

A

Tiberius Gracchus and Gaius Gracchus
(The Gracchus Brothers)

48
Q

what were the masses and senate called

A

Marius and Sulla

49
Q

the first civil war of rome (who fought in it?)

A

fought between Marius (Masses) and Sulla (Senate)

50
Q

the second civil war

A

fight between Pompey vs. Julius Caesar

51
Q

nephew of marius; concerned for the masses

A

julius caesar

52
Q

Julius Caesar, Pompey, and Crassus formed what (that ruled rome)

A

triumvirate

53
Q

Julius Caesar was elected what in 59 B.C. with Pompey’s support

A

consul

54
Q

What did Julius Caesar become governor of

A

Gaul; he conquered much of Europe

55
Q

Became jealous of his power and told him to disband his army

A

Senate and Pompey

56
Q

What did Julius Caesar do that declared war on the senate

A

Crossed the Rubicon

57
Q

When did Caesar control Rome

A

49-44 B.C.

58
Q

when was pompey defeated

A

48 B.C.

59
Q

Last of the Ptolemaic rulers

A

Cleopatra

60
Q

Callender Julius Caesar created

A

Established the Julian Calendar

61
Q

Defeated pompey

A

julius caesar

62
Q

alexanders day of death

A

march 15, 44 B.C.

63
Q

how did caesar die?

A

senate members came after him; he was stabbed 23 times; gave up when he was his best friend brutus

64
Q

Third Civil War

A

Mark Antony vs. Octavian

65
Q

2 main rivals for succession after Julius Caesar

A

Mark Antony and Octavian

66
Q

formed by mark antony and octavian and lepidus (during 3rd civil war; it was a division of power)

A

2nd triumvirate

67
Q

civil war date (between octavian and mark antony)

A

37 B.C.

68
Q

one of history’s most decisive battles

A

Battle of Actium

69
Q

Antony was defeated in what battle (by Octavian)

A

Battle of Actium

70
Q

how did Octavian gain support from the Masses?

A

Mark Antony gave land to his girlfriend cleopatra

71
Q

how did cleopatra and mark antony die? (what happened after?)

A

they committed double suicide; octavian became leader of rome

72
Q

became the undisputed emperor of the entire Roman Empire

A

Octavian

73
Q

Common name for Octavian (DON’T NEED TO KNOW FOR QUIZ)

A

Caesar Augustus

74
Q

name that means revere(DON’T NEED TO KNOW FOR QUIZ)

A

caesar

75
Q

Jesus was born during his reign(DON’T NEED TO KNOW FOR QUIZ)

A

Caesar Augustus

76
Q

time of peace for rome(DON’T NEED TO KNOW FOR QUIZ)

A

Pax Romana

77
Q

began during Caesar’s rule(DON’T NEED TO KNOW FOR QUIZ)

A

Pax Romana

78
Q

came after caesar (rulers)(DON’T NEED TO KNOW FOR QUIZ)

A

Claudian Dynasty

79
Q

Emperor during the life and death of Jesus Christ

First ruler of the Claudian Dynasty(DON’T NEED TO KNOW FOR QUIZ)

A

Tiberius

80
Q

Second claudian emperor(DON’T NEED TO KNOW FOR QUIZ)

A

Caligula

81
Q

Insane and murdered by his body guards(DON’T NEED TO KNOW FOR QUIZ)

A

Caligula

82
Q

what did caligula elect to run in senate(DON’T NEED TO KNOW FOR QUIZ)

A

a horse

83
Q

Caligula’s uncle; third Claudian ruler(DON’T NEED TO KNOW FOR QUIZ)

A

Claudius

84
Q

conquered during Claudius’s rule(DON’T NEED TO KNOW FOR QUIZ)

A

Briton (great britain)

85
Q

Claudius’ stepson; last Claudian Emperor(DON’T NEED TO KNOW FOR QUIZ)

A

Nero

86
Q

What bad thing did Nero do; who was blamed?(DON’T NEED TO KNOW FOR QUIZ)

A

He burned down rome (while sitting on his porch playing an instrument watching); he blamed christians

87
Q

First of the Flavian Emperors(DON’T NEED TO KNOW FOR QUIZ)

A

Vespasian

88
Q

destroyed the temple in Jerusalem

A

Titus

89
Q

destroyed Pompeii during Titus’s reign

A

Mt. Vesuvius

90
Q

Vespasian’s oldest son; second flavian emperor

A

Titus

91
Q

Vespasian’s second son; third Flavian emperor
Considered himself a god

A

Domitian

92
Q

Good in Rome’s eyes because they upheld the law; greatly persecuted christians

A

Five “Good” Emperors

93
Q

(army that) became the true power of Rome (after the Pax Romana)

A

Barracks Emperors

94
Q

Divided the Empire into Eastern and Western Sections

A

Diocletian

95
Q

Who ruled in west
Who ruled in east
(the roman empire/entire kingdom)

A

Maximian- west
Diocletian- east

96
Q

broke out After the emperors stepped down over the throne. what was it? who won?

A

a civil war
Constantine won

97
Q

legalized christianity (wrote this?)

A

Edict of Milian; constantine

98
Q

Constantine saw what (vision)

A

cross

99
Q

Constantine reunited the empire and moved the capital to ___? what was it renamed?

A

Byzantium; it was renamed Constantinople in his honor

100
Q

permanently split rome in 395 (into eastern and western sections)

A

Theodosius

101
Q

Germanic tribe that invaded Italy in 409

A

Visigoths

102
Q

Brought Italy and the majority of the western empire under their control

A

Visigoths

103
Q

Legacy of Rome

A

Latin language, Roman law, and Republican Government

104
Q

common latin language

A

Vernacular (vulgar)

105
Q

Roman writers produced their greatest works in what era

A

Golden Age of Latin Language

106
Q

Wrote On the Commonwealth

A

Cicero

107
Q

Wrote Virgil

A

Aeneid (greatest author during golden age of latin language)

108
Q

Wrote Odes

A

Horace

109
Q

Wrote Metamorphoses

A

Ovid

110
Q

wrote Parallel Lives

A

Plutarch

111
Q

all laws derives from a central source

A

single sovereignty

112
Q

common human nature

A

Universality

113
Q

laws should fit a larger number of cases

A

Equity

114
Q

greatest author during golden age of latin language

A

Aeneid

10th grade history (23 decks)

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