ch19-the age of industry

Question 1

growing just enough food to meet personal needs

Answer 1

Subsistence Farming

Question 2

most critical factor for the advancement of a nation

Answer 2

Mastery of the food supply

Question 3

a way of life based on the teaching that God expects man to work and work is a noble duty

Answer 3

Protestant Work Ethic

Question 4

seed drill

Answer 4

Jethro Tull

Question 5

steel plow

Answer 5

John Deere

Question 6

the mechanical reaper

Answer 6

Cyrus McCormick

Question 7

work was done in homes or small, private shops

Answer 7

Domestic System

Question 8

a large number of people employed to produce manufactured goods in a systematic way for wages

Answer 8

Factory System

Question 9

wages as compared to the cost of living

Answer 9

Real Wages

Question 10

where did the Industrial Revolution begin?

Answer 10

England’s textile factories

Question 11

flying shuttle

Answer 11

John Kay

Question 12

spinning jenny

Answer 12

James Hargreaves

Question 13

spinning frame

Answer 13

Richard Arkwright

Question 14

spinning mule

Answer 14

Samuel Crompton

Question 15

power loom

Answer 15

Edmund Cartwright

Question 16

enabled landholders to control the breeding of their livestock

Answer 16

Enclosure Movement

Question 17

the cotton gin (1793)

Answer 17

Eli Whitney

Question 18

practical, coal-burning steam engine (1776)

Answer 18

James Watt

Question 19

miner’s safety lamp

Answer 19

Sir Humphrey Davy

Question 20

process of converting iron into steel.
Who invented it?

Answer 20

Bessemer Process
Henry Bessemer & William Kelly

Question 20

allowed for easter and faster commercial transportation

Answer 20

Erie & Suez Canals

Question 21

invented the first practical steamship. Date?

Answer 21

Robert Fulton; 1807

Question 22

invented the first steam-powered locomotive. date?

Answer 22

George Stephenson; 1814

Question 23

internal combustion engine

Answer 23

Gotlieb Daimler

Question 24

diesel engine (to power larger vehicles)

Answer 24

Rudolph Diesel

Question 25

perfected the first modern automobile. date?

Answer 25

Henry Ford; 1896

Question 26

invented the first electric telegraph. date?

Answer 26

Samuel Morse; 1844

Question 27

first transatlantic cable

Answer 27

Cyrus Field

Question 28

invented the first working telephone. date?

Answer 28

Alexander Graham Bell; 1896

Question 29

atomic theory

Answer 29

John Dalton

Question 30

developed the first vaccine for smallpox. date?

Answer 30

Edward Jenner; 1796

Question 31

discovered the germ theory of disease. date?

Answer 31

Louis Pasteur; 1864

Question 32

developed antiseptics to clean germs from instruments and wounds

Answer 32

Joseph Lister

Question 33

considered one of the greatest inventors of all time; incandescent electric light bulb

Answer 33

Thomas Edison

Question 34

America’s economic growth can be attributed to its economic system of ______

Answer 34

capitalism

Question 34

Main Characteristics of a capitalist (free enterprise) economy

Answer 34

1. Private ownership of production
2. Investments are made by private citizens
3. Prices and production of goods are based on the economy not the government
4. GNP (Gross National Product) is usually high

Question 35

founded and owned the largest steel company in the world in the late 1800’s (Gospel of Wealth)

Answer 35

Andrew Carnegie

Question 36

Gospel of Wealth

Answer 36

Andrew Carnegie

Question 37

known for banking

Answer 37

J.P. Morgan

Question 38

founded and owned the largest oil company in America in the late 1800’s (standard Oil Company)

Answer 38

John D. Rockefeller

Question 39

donating money to social causes to help the less fortunate

Answer 39

Philanthropy

Question 39

Largely responsible for the rise and success of capitalism in America

Answer 39

Adam Smith

Question 40

Wrote Wealth of Nations

Answer 40

Adam Smith