ch 7--greece Flashcards
1
Q
forms Northern border of Greece
A
Balkan Mountain
2
Q
Ancient Greece is located on what peninsula
A
Balkan Peninsula
3
Q
Seas on the East
A
Aegean and Black Sea
4
Q
sea in the west
A
Iomian(?)
5
Q
first important postdiluvian civilization; lived on the island of Crete
A
Minoams
6
Q
lived on Mycenae on the mainland
A
Mycenaeans
7
Q
Conquered Mycenaeans during the 1400s-800s B.C
A
Dorians
8
Q
Greeks of classical times
A
Hellens
9
Q
famous war fought between the cities of Mycenae and Troy
A
Trojan War
10
Q
Blind poet of greece
A
Homer
11
Q
basis for ancient Greek religion
A
Iliad and Odyssey
12
Q
what did Iliad and Odyssey create
A
the ideas of heroes and gods
13
Q
where did most gods live
A
Mt Olympus
14
Q
king of the human gods
A
zeus
15
Q
powerful humans who were given special; abilities by the god’s
A
heroes
16
Q
Two heroes
A
Odysseus and Achilles!!
17
Q
parts of a polis
A
Gymnasium
Agora
Amphitheatre
Acropolis
18
Q
physical training and games of skill
A
Gymnasium
19
Q
marketplace
A
Agora
20
Q
outdoor theatre
A
Amphitheatre
21
Q
hilltop fortress
A
Acropolis
22
Q
people who did not speak Greek
A
Barbarians
23
Q
first recorded Olympic Games
A
776 B.C.
24
Q
time period between the Olympic Games
A
Olympiad
25
Greeks vs. Persians
Greco-Persian War
26
conquered by Cyrus the Great (of Persia) in 546 B.C
Ioania
27
rebelled against Darius I in 499 B.C.(during greco-persian war); who won?
Ioania; Darius I won
28
invaded Greece in the battle of Marathon but was defeated by Athens
Persia
29
what was battle of marathon; who won
Persia invaded Greece/ Greece vs. Persia; Greece (Athens) won
30
invaded Greece in 480 B.C. to avenge his father
Xerxes I (Ahasuerus)
31
Xerxes army was blocked at this battle for 3 days by 300 spartans. Who led the 300 spartans?
Battle of Thermopylae; Leonidas
32
What was Battle of Salamis; who won
Persians burned the city of Athens
Persians Chased Athenians to Salamis; Persian fleet was destroyed (first major naval battle in history)
Athens won
33
burned the city of Athens
Persians
34
Where did the Persians chase the Athenians to?
Salamis
35
What was destroyed in the Battle of Salamis?
Persian fleet
36
first major naval battle in history
Battle of Salamis
37
final defeat of Persia
Battle of Plataea
38
rule by one; advised by the Council of the Elders and the Assembly
Monarchy
39
rule by the “best”; the king's powers decreased and the rich took political power
Aristocracy
40
rule by the few rich; business and trade grew, so rich businessmen took political power
Oligarchy
41
power is seized by one (bad) man
Tyranny
42
rule by the people; people rebelled and took political powers themselves
Democracy
43
What was sparta for most of their history (government)
oligarchy
44
Spartan Social Classes; describe each
Ruling Class: government leaders and soldiers
Middle Class: Merchants and businessmen
Helots: slaves and lower class
45
What was spartan culture centered around
warfare
46
trained to fight in Sparta’s many wars
The Upper Class
47
Sparta's chief accomplishment; “alliance” with the other Greek cities in which they were the dominant city
Peloponnesian League
48
who won what battles in the greco-persian war
Ionian Rev: Persia
Persia won (under cyrus the great)
Marathon: Athens
Greece won
Thermop: Persia
Greece won
Salamis: Athens
Greece won
Plaea: Athens
Greece won
49
Led 300 spartans at the Battle of Thermopylae
Leonidas
50
first major naval battle in history
Battle of Salamis
51
Athens started off with a _______ until the people demanded a ______ (politics)
monarchy and democracy
52
Created first democratic laws for Athens/created harsh laws to establish democracy
Draco (620 B.C)
53
repealed many of Draco’s laws and created reform
Solon (594 B.C)
54
first tyrant of athens
Peisistratus
55
“champion of the common people” emerged as tyrant in 508 B.C.; SET UP OSTRACISM
Cleisthenes
56
brought true democracy to Athens
Pericles (461–429 B.C)
57
citizens elect a few men who represent them in government
Representative Democracy
58
people make decisions (who practiced this?)
Direct Democracy (Athens)
59
brought Athens into The Golden Age of Greece; great speaker
Pericles
60
An organization led by Athens; created to prevent future attacks by Persia
Delian League
61
How many total cities were members of the Delian League
250
62
Fought in peloponnesian war
SPARTA (Peloponnesian League) vs. ATHENS (Delian League)
63
Advantages of Sparta and Athens
Sparta: strength in numbers and combat
Athens: larger navy; more money
64
broke out in Athens killing many, including their leader Pericles
plague
65
Who won Peloponnesian war. How?
Sparta; Athens surrendered (Peloponnesian league won)
66
Considered themselves Greek, but the Greeks did not
Kingdom of Macedonia
67
Became king of Macedonia in 359 B.C; decided he would conquer all of Greece
Phillip II
68
What did Phillip II have? What was he regardless of this?
Speech impairment; gave himself speech therapy and became an amazing speaker
69
famous Athenian orator who tried to garner support for defense against Macedonia
Demosthenes
70
League Phillip II formed in efforts to conquer Persia
Hellenic League
71
Ended Phillip II plans (how did he die)
He was Assasinated
72
Next ruler after Phillip II (came to power at age 20)
Alexander the Great
73
Private tutor of Alexander the Great who taught him to spread Hellenic culture
Aristotle
74
When did Alexander cross the Hellespont and invade Persia. When did he finish conquering Persia?
334 B.C !he crossed the Hellespont!
331 BC he conquered Persia
It took him 3 years
75
What did Alexander conquer
Egypt and parts of Asia
76
What ended Alexanders conquest?
His army refused to fight when they invaded India in 327 B.C
77
How and when did Alexander the Great die
he died on their journey home in Babylon in 323 B.C while his army was drinking either from a fever or Poisoning
78
Alexanders most lasting contributions
spread of Greek culture and language
79
How many cities were named Alexandria in Alexanders honor? Most famous?
16; most famous was Alexandria, Egypt
80
divided his empire after the Battle of Ipsus
Alexander the Great’s four strongest generals
81
Three resulting Dynasties of Battle of Ipsus division
Ptolemies: Egypt
Seleucids: Middle East
Antigonids: Macedonia and Greece
82
Battle to decide who the kingdoms of Alexander would be divided to
Battle of Ipsus
83
Greek word meaning "city state"
Polis
