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10th grade history > ch 7--greece > Flashcards

ch 7--greece Flashcards

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1
Q

forms Northern border of Greece

A

Balkan Mountain

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2
Q

Ancient Greece is located on what peninsula

A

Balkan Peninsula

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3
Q

Seas on the East

A

Aegean and Black Sea

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4
Q

sea in the west

A

Iomian(?)

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5
Q

first important postdiluvian civilization; lived on the island of Crete

A

Minoams

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6
Q

lived on Mycenae on the mainland

A

Mycenaeans

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7
Q

Conquered Mycenaeans during the 1400s-800s B.C

A

Dorians

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8
Q

Greeks of classical times

A

Hellens

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9
Q

famous war fought between the cities of Mycenae and Troy

A

Trojan War

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10
Q

Blind poet of greece

A

Homer

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11
Q

basis for ancient Greek religion

A

Iliad and Odyssey

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12
Q

what did Iliad and Odyssey create

A

the ideas of heroes and gods

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13
Q

where did most gods live

A

Mt Olympus

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14
Q

king of the human gods

A

zeus

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15
Q

powerful humans who were given special; abilities by the god’s

A

heroes

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16
Q

Two heroes

A

Odysseus and Achilles!!

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17
Q

parts of a polis

A

Gymnasium
Agora
Amphitheatre
Acropolis

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18
Q

physical training and games of skill

A

Gymnasium

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19
Q

marketplace

A

Agora

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20
Q

outdoor theatre

A

Amphitheatre

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21
Q

hilltop fortress

A

Acropolis

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22
Q

people who did not speak Greek

A

Barbarians

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23
Q

first recorded Olympic Games

A

776 B.C.

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24
Q

time period between the Olympic Games

A

Olympiad

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25
Q

Greeks vs. Persians

A

Greco-Persian War

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26
Q

conquered by Cyrus the Great (of Persia) in 546 B.C

A

Ioania

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27
Q

rebelled against Darius I in 499 B.C.(during greco-persian war); who won?

A

Ioania; Darius I won

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28
Q

invaded Greece in the battle of Marathon but was defeated by Athens

A

Persia

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29
Q

what was battle of marathon; who won

A

Persia invaded Greece/ Greece vs. Persia; Greece (Athens) won

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30
Q

invaded Greece in 480 B.C. to avenge his father

A

Xerxes I (Ahasuerus)

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31
Q

Xerxes army was blocked at this battle for 3 days by 300 spartans. Who led the 300 spartans?

A

Battle of Thermopylae; Leonidas

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32
Q

What was Battle of Salamis; who won

A

Persians burned the city of Athens

Persians Chased Athenians to Salamis; Persian fleet was destroyed (first major naval battle in history)

Athens won

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33
Q

burned the city of Athens

A

Persians

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34
Q

Where did the Persians chase the Athenians to?

A

Salamis

35
Q

What was destroyed in the Battle of Salamis?

A

Persian fleet

36
Q

first major naval battle in history

A

Battle of Salamis

37
Q

final defeat of Persia

A

Battle of Plataea

38
Q

rule by one; advised by the Council of the Elders and the Assembly

A

Monarchy

39
Q

rule by the “best”; the king’s powers decreased and the rich took political power

A

Aristocracy

40
Q

rule by the few rich; business and trade grew, so rich businessmen took political power

A

Oligarchy

41
Q

power is seized by one (bad) man

A

Tyranny

42
Q

rule by the people; people rebelled and took political powers themselves

A

Democracy

43
Q

What was sparta for most of their history (government)

A

oligarchy

44
Q

Spartan Social Classes; describe each

A

Ruling Class: government leaders and soldiers

Middle Class: Merchants and businessmen

Helots: slaves and lower class

45
Q

What was spartan culture centered around

A

warfare

46
Q

trained to fight in Sparta’s many wars

A

The Upper Class

47
Q

Sparta’s chief accomplishment; “alliance” with the other Greek cities in which they were the dominant city

A

Peloponnesian League

48
Q

who won what battles in the greco-persian war

A

Ionian Rev: Persia
Persia won (under cyrus the great)

Marathon: Athens
Greece won

Thermop: Persia
Greece won

Salamis: Athens
Greece won

Plaea: Athens
Greece won

49
Q

Led 300 spartans at the Battle of Thermopylae

A

Leonidas

50
Q

first major naval battle in history

A

Battle of Salamis

51
Q

Athens started off with a _______ until the people demanded a ______ (politics)

A

monarchy and democracy

52
Q

Created first democratic laws for Athens/created harsh laws to establish democracy

A

Draco (620 B.C)

53
Q

repealed many of Draco’s laws and created reform

A

Solon (594 B.C)

54
Q

first tyrant of athens

A

Peisistratus

55
Q

“champion of the common people” emerged as tyrant in 508 B.C.; SET UP OSTRACISM

A

Cleisthenes

56
Q

brought true democracy to Athens

A

Pericles (461–429 B.C)

57
Q

citizens elect a few men who represent them in government

A

Representative Democracy

58
Q

people make decisions (who practiced this?)

A

Direct Democracy (Athens)

59
Q

brought Athens into The Golden Age of Greece; great speaker

A

Pericles

60
Q

An organization led by Athens; created to prevent future attacks by Persia

A

Delian League

61
Q

How many total cities were members of the Delian League

A

250

62
Q

Fought in peloponnesian war

A

SPARTA (Peloponnesian League) vs. ATHENS (Delian League)

63
Q

Advantages of Sparta and Athens

A

Sparta: strength in numbers and combat
Athens: larger navy; more money

64
Q

broke out in Athens killing many, including their leader Pericles

A

plague

65
Q

Who won Peloponnesian war. How?

A

Sparta; Athens surrendered (Peloponnesian league won)

66
Q

Considered themselves Greek, but the Greeks did not

A

Kingdom of Macedonia

67
Q

Became king of Macedonia in 359 B.C; decided he would conquer all of Greece

A

Phillip II

68
Q

What did Phillip II have? What was he regardless of this?

A

Speech impairment; gave himself speech therapy and became an amazing speaker

69
Q

famous Athenian orator who tried to garner support for defense against Macedonia

A

Demosthenes

70
Q

League Phillip II formed in efforts to conquer Persia

A

Hellenic League

71
Q

Ended Phillip II plans (how did he die)

A

He was Assasinated

72
Q

Next ruler after Phillip II (came to power at age 20)

A

Alexander the Great

73
Q

Private tutor of Alexander the Great who taught him to spread Hellenic culture

A

Aristotle

74
Q

When did Alexander cross the Hellespont and invade Persia. When did he finish conquering Persia?

A

334 B.C !he crossed the Hellespont!

331 BC he conquered Persia

It took him 3 years

75
Q

What did Alexander conquer

A

Egypt and parts of Asia

76
Q

What ended Alexanders conquest?

A

His army refused to fight when they invaded India in 327 B.C

77
Q

How and when did Alexander the Great die

A

he died on their journey home in Babylon in 323 B.C while his army was drinking either from a fever or Poisoning

78
Q

Alexanders most lasting contributions

A

spread of Greek culture and language

79
Q

How many cities were named Alexandria in Alexanders honor? Most famous?

A

16; most famous was Alexandria, Egypt

80
Q

divided his empire after the Battle of Ipsus

A

Alexander the Great’s four strongest generals

81
Q

Three resulting Dynasties of Battle of Ipsus division

A

Ptolemies: Egypt
Seleucids: Middle East
Antigonids: Macedonia and Greece

82
Q

Battle to decide who the kingdoms of Alexander would be divided to

A

Battle of Ipsus

83
Q

Greek word meaning “city state”

A

Polis

10th grade history (17 decks)

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