history test 1 Flashcards by jenna .

“Anno domini”

“In the year of our lord”

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What destructive faith removes God as creator of man

Evolution

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Medieval history start and end

fall of rome(A.D 5000) – A.D. 1500

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Institution with the authority and power to control, direct, & rule in the actions & affairs of others

Government

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God’s supreme power over all nations, rules, & individuals

Sovereign

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Worship of man; exalting man in place or above God

Humanism

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First foundational civil ordinance

Capital Punishment/Death Penalty

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Builder of the world’s first empire

Nimrod

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Large group of people who think of themselves as one

Nation

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Where Noah’s family settled after the flood

Plain of Shinar

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Whose name means division

Peleg

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Area where the garden of eve was located

Fertile Crescent

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Two major rivers in fertile crescent

Tigris and Euphrates

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How many cultures were in fertile crescent

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Greek name for the “land between the rivers”

Mesopotamia

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First postdiluvian civilization

Sumer

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Three oldest sumerian settlements

Eridu, Uruk, Ur

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The greatest contribution of the sumerians

The Art of Writing

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Name of sumerians writing

Cuneiform

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Historys second greatest empire builder(he ruled old during akkadian period)

Sargon of Akkad

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The king during the golden age of Ur

Ur Nammu

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Way of life for a group of people

Culture

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The transmitting of knowledge

Education

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Name of Sumerian school (the tablet house)

Edubba

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The most important thing in sumerian industry

Textiles

The Sumerians greatest architectural achievement

Ziggurat

Study of the heavens

Astronomy

What did the Sumerians develop for time, and what was it based on?

Lunar Calendar; based on phases of the moon

False belief that heavenly bodies influence human affairs and destinies

Astrology

The spreading of cultures

Cultural Diffusion

Oldest work of writing outside of the Bible

Epic of Gilgamesh

Where was abraham from

Each city had this which represented the cities god

Lugal

Highest class

Nobles

Belief in one god

Monotheism

Worship of many deities

Polytheism

First empire to rule after Sumer

Old Babylonian Empire

The ruler who started the Old Babylonian Empire

Hammurabi

The Old Babylonians record of the beginning

Enuma Elish

The greatest achievement of the old babylonian empire

Their Law Code

Empire that used iron weapons

Hittites

The capital of assyria

Nineveh

Built the worlds first great library

Ashurbanipal

First great ruler of persia

Cyrus the Great

Allowed the people to return to jerusalem to rebuild their temple

Cyrus the Great

Captured northern israel

Assyria

Religion of Persia

Zoroastrianism

The greatest extent of Persian power

Under the rule of King Darius I and King Xerxes I

Created the first postal system

Darius

Husband of Esther

Xerxes

Xerxes successor

Artaxerxes

Artaxerxes cupbearer

Nehemiah

What was the Persian ruler under

The law

Three names of Israel

Palestine, Canaan, promised land

What are the founding fathers of Israel called

The patriarchs

Led Israel out of Egypt into the Promised Land

Moses

Solemn agreement between God and Israel

The covenant

God’s basic principles of right, wrong, and morality; “The Decalogue”

10 commandments

A nation ruled by God

Theocracy

2nd King of Israel

David

Capital of Israel during David’s reign

Jerusalem

What did Solomon's name mean

Peace

Whose rule made Israel the most powerful

Solomon and David

What happened after Solomon died

Israel separated into Northern and Southern kingdoms (Northern: Israel, Southern: Judah)

Conquered by the Assyrian empire in 721 B.C.

Samaria

Who was captured by the Babylonian Empire in 586 B.C

Jerusalem

Conquered Israel a few years before Jesus’ birth

The Roman Empire

Ruled over the Middle East

Byzantine

Capital of Byzantine

Constantinople

Arabic religious leader from Mecca who founded Islam

Mohammed

Who is the Islamic god

Allah

Followers of Islam

Muslim

Mohammed’s successors; ruling religious leader

Caliphs

Islam’s holy book; contains promises of pleasure for Muslims and death for infidels

Koran

Religious requirements of Islam

Daily prayer Giving to the poor Fasting during Ramadan 1 lifetime pilgrimage to Mecca

Pioneer missionary to the Middle East

Henry Martyn

First modern missionary to the Muslims

Ion Kieth-Falconer

Established the Arabian mission

Samuel Zwemer

Why is the Middle East an area of importance

Oil Reserves

Civilization Characteristics

Control of food supply Division of Labor Written Language Codified Laws Organized Civil Government Arts and Sciences

Characteristics of man

Language and thought, knowledge of right and wrong, and freedom to choose

Order of empires

-Old Babylonian Empire -Hittites -Assyria -New Babylonian Empire -Persia