history test 1 Flashcards
“Anno domini”
“In the year of our lord”
What destructive faith removes God as creator of man
Evolution
Medieval history start and end
fall of rome(A.D 5000) – A.D. 1500
Institution with the authority and power to control, direct, & rule in the actions & affairs of others
Government
God’s supreme power over all nations, rules, & individuals
Sovereign
Worship of man; exalting man in place or above God
Humanism
First foundational civil ordinance
Capital Punishment/Death Penalty
Builder of the world’s first empire
Nimrod
Large group of people who think of themselves as one
Nation
Where Noah’s family settled after the flood
Plain of Shinar
Whose name means division
Peleg
Area where the garden of eve was located
Fertile Crescent
Two major rivers in fertile crescent
Tigris and Euphrates
How many cultures were in fertile crescent
10
Greek name for the “land between the rivers”
Mesopotamia
First postdiluvian civilization
Sumer
Three oldest sumerian settlements
Eridu, Uruk, Ur
The greatest contribution of the sumerians
The Art of Writing
Name of sumerians writing
Cuneiform
Historys second greatest empire builder(he ruled old during akkadian period)
Sargon of Akkad
The king during the golden age of Ur
Ur Nammu
Way of life for a group of people
Culture
The transmitting of knowledge
Education
Name of Sumerian school (the tablet house)
Edubba
The most important thing in sumerian industry
Textiles
The Sumerians greatest architectural achievement
Ziggurat
Study of the heavens
Astronomy
What did the Sumerians develop for time, and what was it based on?
Lunar Calendar; based on phases of the moon
False belief that heavenly bodies influence human affairs and destinies
Astrology
The spreading of cultures
Cultural Diffusion
Oldest work of writing outside of the Bible
Epic of Gilgamesh
Where was abraham from
Ur
Each city had this which represented the cities god
Lugal
Highest class
Nobles
Belief in one god
Monotheism
Worship of many deities
Polytheism
First empire to rule after Sumer
Old Babylonian Empire
The ruler who started the Old Babylonian Empire
Hammurabi
The Old Babylonians record of the beginning
Enuma Elish
The greatest achievement of the old babylonian empire
Their Law Code
Empire that used iron weapons
Hittites
The capital of assyria
Nineveh
Built the worlds first great library
Ashurbanipal
First great ruler of persia
Cyrus the Great
Allowed the people to return to jerusalem to rebuild their temple
Cyrus the Great
Captured northern israel
Assyria
Religion of Persia
Zoroastrianism
The greatest extent of Persian power
Under the rule of King Darius I and King Xerxes I
Created the first postal system
Darius
Husband of Esther
Xerxes
Xerxes successor
Artaxerxes
Artaxerxes cupbearer
Nehemiah
What was the Persian ruler under
The law
Three names of Israel
Palestine, Canaan, promised land
What are the founding fathers of Israel called
The patriarchs
Led Israel out of Egypt into the Promised Land
Moses
Solemn agreement between God and Israel
The covenant
God’s basic principles of right, wrong, and morality; “The Decalogue”
10 commandments
A nation ruled by God
Theocracy
2nd King of Israel
David
Capital of Israel during David’s reign
Jerusalem
What did Solomon’s name mean
Peace
Whose rule made Israel the most powerful
Solomon and David
What happened after Solomon died
Israel separated into Northern and Southern kingdoms (Northern: Israel, Southern: Judah)
Conquered by the Assyrian empire in 721 B.C.
Samaria
Who was captured by the Babylonian Empire in 586 B.C
Jerusalem
Conquered Israel a few years before Jesus’ birth
The Roman Empire
Ruled over the Middle East
Byzantine
Capital of Byzantine
Constantinople
Arabic religious leader from Mecca who founded Islam
Mohammed
Who is the Islamic god
Allah
Followers of Islam
Muslim
Mohammed’s successors; ruling religious leader
Caliphs
Islam’s holy book; contains promises of pleasure for Muslims and death for infidels
Koran
Religious requirements of Islam
Daily prayer
Giving to the poor
Fasting during Ramadan
1 lifetime pilgrimage to Mecca
Pioneer missionary to the Middle East
Henry Martyn
First modern missionary to the Muslims
Ion Kieth-Falconer
Established the Arabian mission
Samuel Zwemer
Why is the Middle East an area of importance
Oil Reserves
Civilization Characteristics
Control of food supply
Division of Labor
Written Language
Codified Laws
Organized Civil Government
Arts and Sciences
Characteristics of man
Language and thought, knowledge of right and wrong, and freedom to choose
Order of empires
-Old Babylonian Empire
-Hittites
-Assyria
-New Babylonian Empire
-Persia