history ch 5 Flashcards
Originally connected Asia and Africa
Isthmus of Suez
largest desert
Sahara
longest river
Nile
small states (divisions) of early egyptian history
Nomes
strong rulers of nomes
Pharaohs
Two parts of egypt and where they are
Upper(nile river starts) and Lower Egypt(nile river ends)
United the two states and was the first to rule over a United Egypt
Menes
what is egypt called
“Gift of the Nile”
Longest river in the world
The Nile
Greek historian that called Egypt “gift of the nile”
Herodotus
gave life and shelter to egypt
Water and papyrus plants
triangle shaped area of land in north egypt where most early settlements were located
Nile Delta
written language of Egypt
Hieroglyphics
used Rosetta Stone to interpret hieroglyphics
Jean Francis Champollion
Two capitals of Ancient Egypt
Memphis and Thebes
symbol of egyptian state and society
Pyramid
three classes that a pyramid represent
Pharaoh
Priests and Scholars
Everyone else
the head of government and religion; all officials answered to him; believed he was god incarnate
Pharaoh
schools for boys in egypt
scribal schools
two types of jobs graduates of scribal schools could earn
political or religious jobs
three religions of egypt
humanism (pharaoh), naturalism (animals, nile river), and polytheism(multiple gods)
What were their views on immortality?
They focused on preparing their bodies for the next world
one of the wonders of the world; tomb for pharaohs
The Great Pyramid of Cheops (giza)
one of the greatest archaeological discoveries of the ancient world
King Tut’s tomb
the preservation of the bodies of the dead for the “afterlife”
Mummification
Three ages of egypt
Old kingdom, middle kingdom, new kingdom
Most famous rulers of the Old Kingdom
Khufu, Khafre, and Menkaure
built at giza for each pharaoh
pyramids
the two ancient wonders of the world
Great Pyramids of Giza; The Great Sphinx
Who was the great sphinx meant to resemble
it was built in Khafre’s likeness
first leader of the middle kingdom
Mentuhotep the First
time/kingdom that abraham was in
middle kingdom
invaders from Asia who conquered Egypt and ended the Middle Kingdom
Hyksos
founded the new kingdom
Ahmose I
A female pharaoh; may have been moses’ mother
Hatshepsut
known as the Egyptian Empire because Egypt reestablished its empire in Asia
New Kingdom
expanded Egypt’s border further than any other ruler
Thutmose III
Thutmose III’s son
Amenhotep II
may have been pharaoh during the Exodus
Amenhotep II
Outstanding monarch of the Later New Kingdom
Ramses II
Conquered Egyptian empire
Alexander the Great
most important city in Alexander’s empire
Alexandria
took over Egypt after division
Ptolemy
capital of Egypt; center of Egyptian life
Cairo
