test 4 Flashcards
what position did the petrine theory evolve into
pope
who did the apostles appoint to rule after them
bishop
means universal/one
catholic
government rules over civil issues, the church rules over religious issues; who created this?
doctrine of the two swords; Gelasius
appointed by christ
apostles
Peter was the first Bishop of the Roman Church
petrine theory
first medieval pope
Gregory I
religious actions for salvation (catholic)
sacraments
the belief that Eucharist turns into the body and blood of Jesus Christ
transubstantiation
being cut off from the sacraments
excommunication
belief that eucharist turns into blood and body of christ
transubstantiation
the apostles and other holy leaders from the Roman church
Saints
holy objects
relicts
certificate that decreased the time spent in purgatory
Indulgences
state after death? (couldn’t find exact definition)
purgatory
the Catholic bible
vulgate
council that banned bible
council of toulouse
translated the Bible to French
Peter waldo
Translated the Bible into English
John wycliffe
withdrawing from society and living in solitude to be free from sin
monasticism
women who practice monasticism
nuns
nuns who live completely alone
hermits
place where monks lived
monastery
place where nuns lived
Convents
head of monastery
Abbot
missionary monks
friars
2 prominent orders of friars
dominicans; franciscans
first great Frankish ruler
clovis
family of kings that ruled early ? empire; called “do-nothing” kings
marovingians
Charles martel defeated moors in this battle
Battle of Tours
Date of Battle of Tours
732
son of charles martel
Pepin the Short
What line of kings did Pepin the Short start
Carolingian line of kings
A section of Italy given to the pope by Pepin
Papal States
French for Charles the great
charlemagne
Who’s empire was largest in europe since the romans
charlemagne
charlemagne was crowned on Christmas Day in what year
800
Treaty that formed modern nations of France and germany
Treaty of Verdun
Third Carolingian ruler
Louis the Pious
known as the scourge of europe
Magyars
north African muslims
Moors
Most important viking settlement
Normandy
Who ruled Dutchies
dukes
First of the Saxon line of German kings
Henry the Fowler
Defeated magyars (in Saxon line)
Otto the Great
Started Holy Roman Empire
Otto the Great
German monarchy reached the peak of its power under this king
Henry IV
The first of the Hohenstaufen line
Fredrick Barborossa
Adopted the name “Holy Roman Empire”
Fredrick Barborossa
Said that the Roman empire was “neither holy, nor roman, nor an empire”
Voltair
Castle in northern Italy the Pope was staying at when Henry asked for forgiveness
Conossa
the power of laymen (emperors and kings) to choose bishops and other church officials
Lay Investiture
Name that Hildebrand took
Gregory VII
took the papacy to the zenith of its power and influence
Innocent III
Sanctioned the doctrine of transubstantiation
Fourth lateran council
Instituted the Holy office of the inquisition
Innocent III
a special court that judged matters of heracy
Holy Office of the Inquisition
Wanted clergy to be taxed
Phillip the Fair
official decree by pope
papal bull
first major empire in Europe after the Roman Empire
franks
the moving of the papal court from rome to france
Babylonian Captivity of the Papacy
divide between the popes and the cardinals
Great Schism
threatened to excommunicate anyone who tried to exact taxes and any clergyman who paid them without papal approval
Boniface VIII
the family of kings that ruled the early Frankish Empire(came after clovis)
Merovingians
