chapter 13--rise of modern nations(everything before war of roses) Flashcards

1
Q

earliest known inhabitants of the British Isles

A

Celts

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2
Q

Who lead the Celts

A

Druids

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3
Q

political/religious leaders of the celts

A

Druids

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4
Q

ancient Celtic worship site and observatory

A

Stonehenge

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5
Q

Germanic tribes that invaded England in the 500’s

A

Angles, Saxons, and Jutes (Tribes from Denmark)

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6
Q

What story was set during this time

A

King Arthur

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7
Q

collective name for Germanic tribes that invaded England

A

Angle-Saxon

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8
Q

what word does England come from

A

“Angleland”

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9
Q

wandering poets

A

Scops

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10
Q

greatest Saxon poem about Anglo-Saxon culture

A

Beowulf

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11
Q

First Archbishop of Canterbury

A

Augustine

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12
Q

most influential church office in England/ most important title

A

Canterbury/ Archbishop of Canterbury

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13
Q

concept of B.C./A.D. divisions in history

A

The Venerable Bede

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14
Q

invaded England in the 800s and conquered every section but WESSEX (they were vikings)

A

Danes

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15
Q

King of Wessex who defeated the Danes
Where did he confine the Danes?

A

Alfred the Great
DANELAW

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16
Q

first great king of England

A

Alfred the Great

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17
Q

written record of history (Alfred the Great)

A

Anglo-Saxon Chronicle

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18
Q

where did Alfred occupy

A

london

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19
Q

took control of the danes

A

Canute the Dane

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20
Q

Saxon king of England who died without an heir, causing a war

A

Edward the Confessor

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21
Q

fought over the throne of england

A

William from Normandy/(french) and Harold Godwin (Saxon)/(from england)

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22
Q

defeated and killed Harold Godwin

A

William the Conqueror (Norman)

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23
Q

battle where William the Conqueror (Norman) defeated and killed Harold Godwin (Saxon)

A

Battle of Hastings (1066)

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24
Q

a count of the people and their property

A

Census

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25
Q

What did William create to record the census

A

Domesday Book

26
Q

nobles who advised William (he established this)

A

Great Council

27
Q

second most important Norman king (son of William the conqueror)

A

Henry I

28
Q

ended heavy taxation of nobles and the church

A

Charter of Liberties

29
Q

Date of battle of hastings

A

1066

30
Q

Grandson of Henry I who started the Plantagenet Line of kings

A

Henry II

31
Q

Line of kings started by Henry II

A

Plantagenet Line

32
Q

What did Henry II develop?

A

common law

33
Q

“The Lionhearted”

A

Richard

34
Q

Richards mother who maintained his kingdom for him

A

Eleanor of Aquitaine

35
Q

The most hated king in English history

A

John

36
Q

John lost most of England’s land to whom?

A

King Phillip Augustus (of France)

37
Q

what document was John forced to sign

A

magna carta

38
Q

date of magna carta

A

1215

39
Q

Sent by Pope Gregory I to convert Anglo-Saxons

A

Augustine

40
Q

where was William from

A

normandy

41
Q

Put the king under the law

A

magna carta

42
Q

the right of a person to have a day in court

A

habeas corpus

43
Q

where was the magna carta signed

A

Runnymede

44
Q

confirmed trial by jury and due process of law

A

magna carta

45
Q

what did the magna Carta do?

A

confirmed trial by jury and due process of law

established the right of habeas corpus (the right of a person to have their day in court)

put the king under the law

46
Q

a written plan which sets up a form of government and establishes its basic governing principles

A

constitution

47
Q

when nobles rebelled against Henry III, they organized a group. what was it called?

A

Parliament (Monfort)

48
Q

nobles rebelled against him and organized a group called Parliament (Monfort)

A

Henry III

49
Q

son of John

A

Henry III

50
Q

strong king who conquered Wales and portions of scotland; expensive wars forced him to cooperate with model parliament

A

Edward I

51
Q

Who was Edward I forced to cooperate with?

A

model parliament

52
Q

lost control over Scotland in the Battle of Bannockburn

A

Edward II

53
Q

Prince of Wales

A

Llewellyn

54
Q

Battle that edward II lost Scotland in

A

Battle of Bannockburn

55
Q

national hero of scotland

A

Sir William Wallace

56
Q

developed during Edward III rule

A

House of Lords and House of Commons

57
Q

became king after his father was forced to abdicate the throne to his son; the House of Lords and House of Commons developed during his rule

A

Edward III

58
Q

England vs. France

A

Hundred years war

59
Q

main reason for the Hundred years war

A

England’s land claims in french territory

60
Q

who won most of the early battles of the hundred year war?

A

england

61
Q

peasant girl who led French forces into battle

A

Joan of Arc

62
Q

who won the 100 year war? how?

A

France with the help of gunpowder weapons