chapter 13--rise of modern nations(everything before war of roses) Flashcards
earliest known inhabitants of the British Isles
Celts
Who lead the Celts
Druids
political/religious leaders of the celts
Druids
ancient Celtic worship site and observatory
Stonehenge
Germanic tribes that invaded England in the 500’s
Angles, Saxons, and Jutes (Tribes from Denmark)
What story was set during this time
King Arthur
collective name for Germanic tribes that invaded England
Angle-Saxon
what word does England come from
“Angleland”
wandering poets
Scops
greatest Saxon poem about Anglo-Saxon culture
Beowulf
First Archbishop of Canterbury
Augustine
most influential church office in England/ most important title
Canterbury/ Archbishop of Canterbury
concept of B.C./A.D. divisions in history
The Venerable Bede
invaded England in the 800s and conquered every section but WESSEX (they were vikings)
Danes
King of Wessex who defeated the Danes
Where did he confine the Danes?
Alfred the Great
DANELAW
first great king of England
Alfred the Great
written record of history (Alfred the Great)
Anglo-Saxon Chronicle
where did Alfred occupy
london
took control of the danes
Canute the Dane
Saxon king of England who died without an heir, causing a war
Edward the Confessor
fought over the throne of england
William from Normandy/(french) and Harold Godwin (Saxon)/(from england)
defeated and killed Harold Godwin
William the Conqueror (Norman)
battle where William the Conqueror (Norman) defeated and killed Harold Godwin (Saxon)
Battle of Hastings (1066)
a count of the people and their property
Census
What did William create to record the census
Domesday Book
nobles who advised William (he established this)
Great Council
second most important Norman king (son of William the conqueror)
Henry I
ended heavy taxation of nobles and the church
Charter of Liberties
Date of battle of hastings
1066
Grandson of Henry I who started the Plantagenet Line of kings
Henry II
Line of kings started by Henry II
Plantagenet Line
What did Henry II develop?
common law
“The Lionhearted”
Richard
Richards mother who maintained his kingdom for him
Eleanor of Aquitaine
The most hated king in English history
John
John lost most of England’s land to whom?
King Phillip Augustus (of France)
what document was John forced to sign
magna carta
date of magna carta
1215
Sent by Pope Gregory I to convert Anglo-Saxons
Augustine
where was William from
normandy
Put the king under the law
magna carta
the right of a person to have a day in court
habeas corpus
where was the magna carta signed
Runnymede
confirmed trial by jury and due process of law
magna carta
what did the magna Carta do?
confirmed trial by jury and due process of law
established the right of habeas corpus (the right of a person to have their day in court)
put the king under the law
a written plan which sets up a form of government and establishes its basic governing principles
constitution
when nobles rebelled against Henry III, they organized a group. what was it called?
Parliament (Monfort)
nobles rebelled against him and organized a group called Parliament (Monfort)
Henry III
son of John
Henry III
strong king who conquered Wales and portions of scotland; expensive wars forced him to cooperate with model parliament
Edward I
Who was Edward I forced to cooperate with?
model parliament
lost control over Scotland in the Battle of Bannockburn
Edward II
Prince of Wales
Llewellyn
Battle that edward II lost Scotland in
Battle of Bannockburn
national hero of scotland
Sir William Wallace
developed during Edward III rule
House of Lords and House of Commons
became king after his father was forced to abdicate the throne to his son; the House of Lords and House of Commons developed during his rule
Edward III
England vs. France
Hundred years war
main reason for the Hundred years war
England’s land claims in french territory
who won most of the early battles of the hundred year war?
england
peasant girl who led French forces into battle
Joan of Arc
who won the 100 year war? how?
France with the help of gunpowder weapons
