Storing and Using Genetic Information

Question 1

<p>Which Carbon is responsible for the difference between Deoxyribose and Ribose?</p>

Answer 1

<p>Carbon 2DNA has an HOH in RNA</p>

Question 2

<p>Which base swaps in with Thymine in RNA?</p>

Answer 2

<p>Uracil</p>

Question 3

<p>What takes place in the Nucleus?</p>

Answer 3

<p>DNA replication and transcription</p>

Question 4

<p>What is chromatin?</p>

Answer 4

<p>The material of which chromosomes are composed, including protein, DNA and RNA</p>

Question 5

<p>What are the different forms of chromatin?</p>

Answer 5

<p>Heterochromatin (condensed) and euchromatin (extended) - active </p>

Question 6

<p>How is chromatin made more accessible to enzymes? The folding in combination with the nucleosomes pose barriers to enzymes</p>

Answer 6

<p>Histones are enzymatically modifiedHistones are displaced by chromatin remodelling complexes</p>

Question 7

<p>Why is DNA replication said to be semi-conservative?</p>

Answer 7

<p>one-half of each new molecule of DNA is old; one-half new</p>

Question 8

<p>When is DNA most tightly packed?</p>

Answer 8

<p>During metaphase</p>

Question 9

<p>What portion of DNA is a coding region?</p>

Answer 9

<p>Exons</p>

Question 10

<p>What portion of DNA is a non-coding region?</p>

Answer 10

<p>Introns</p>

Question 11

<p>What is meant by degeneracy?</p>

Answer 11

<p>Amino acids can be encoded for by more than one codon, with the exception of methionine and tryptophan</p>

Question 12

<p>Which gene is responsible for sickle cell anaemia?</p>

Answer 12

<p>Mutated hemaglobin gene</p>

Question 13

<p>What is alternative splicing?</p>

Answer 13

<p>It is when the exons are reconnected in multiple ways during RNA splicing, different mRNA's may be translated into different protein isoforms - single gene can code for multiple proteins. </p>

Question 14

<p>Where is an anti-codon found?</p>

Answer 14

<p>On the tRNA molecule</p>

Question 15

<p>What is the major role of tRNA?</p>

Answer 15

<p>Translation of mRNA</p>

Question 16

<p>What is rRNA?</p>

Answer 16

<p>Ribosomal RNArRNA is essential for amino acid and protein synthesis and is a key component of translation in the cell</p>

Question 17

<p>What is a polysome?</p>

Answer 17

<p>When several ribosomes translate mRNA at the same time</p>