Sodium Chloride 0.9% Flashcards
1
Q
Introduce and define the Sodium Chloride 0.9%
A
- Increases vascular fluid volume which raises cardiac output and improves perfusion
- Its a Isotonic solution (equal osmotic pressure)
2
Q
How is the drug presented
A
- 100ml
- 250ml
- 500ml
- 1000ml
- 5ml and 10ml ampules for flushes
3
Q
Why would a patient be prescribed this drug
A
- Sepsis
- Trauma related haemorrhage
- Burns
- Crush injuries
- Limb crush injuries
- As a flush after cannulation
- Cardiac arrest to rule out hypovoleamia
- Isotonic extracellular dehydration
- Sodium depletion
4
Q
What are the typical doses of this drug
A
- 2ml, 5ml nil maximum dose - Flush
Adult - in trauma with or without haemorrhage 250ml bolus unto a maximum of 2 litres.
Adult - 500ml unto 3 litres/ 24hrs
Children <11yrs - 20-100ml/24 hrs per kg of body weight
5
Q
What pharmacodynamics of this drug
A
- isotonic solution which increases the vascular fluid volume increasing cardiac output and perfusion
- Sodium and chloride ions maintain electrolyte balance via the sodium-potassium pump
6
Q
Side effects of this drug are
A
- Pulmonary odema
- Large dose may cause sodium accumulation
- Hyperchloraemic acidosis
7
Q
What pharmacokinetics of this drug
A
- extensive renal absorption
- excreted by kidneys
