Beta Blockers

Question 1

Introduction to the drug

Answer 1

Beta blockers, also known as beta-adrenergic blocking agents, are drugs that block norepinephrine and epinephrine (adrenaline) from binding to beta receptors on nerves. Norepinephrine and epinephrine are produced by nerves throughout the body as well as by the adrenal gland. They serve as neurotransmitters (chemicals that nerves use to communicate with one another) that may be active locally where they are produced, or elsewhere in the body, when they are released into the blood. There are both alpha and beta receptors in the body.

By blocking the effects of norepinephrine and epinephrine, beta blockers reduce heart rate; reduce blood pressure by dilating blood vessels; and may constrict air passages by stimulating the muscles that surround the air passages to contract considered an adverse side effect).

Question 2

Why would you prescribe the drug

Answer 2

• Abnormal heart rhythms
• High blood pressure
• Heart failure
• Angina (heart pain)
• Tremor

Question 3

Side Effects

Answer 3

• Diarrhea
• Stomach cramps
• Nausea
• Vomiting

Question 4

Generally known as

Answer 4

• OLOLs

Question 5

Pharmacodynamics

Answer 5

• Act on Beta1 receptors they nullify the stimulating effect of noradrenaline which reduces the speed and force of the heart

Question 6

Pharmacokinetics

Answer 6

• Widely distributed
• Metabolised in the liver
• Excreted in urine