Heparin Flashcards
Introduction to HEPARIN
Its a anticoagulant which prevents blood from clotting, it also helps with keeping a blood supply to injured tissue and washing away microbes and waste.
Its does not break down clots it lets the bodys own fibrinolysis break the clot down.
How is the drug presented and administered
An ampoule - 5,000 units per ml
Can be administered IV or sub cutaneously
Why would you prescribed this drug
- Pre hospital thrombolytic treatment for acute myocardial infarction
- Post operative abdominal surgery
- Haemodialysis
- Cardio pulmonary bypass
- IV heparin flush to maintain potency of intravenous catheter
- Treatment of mild to moderate PE
- Treatment of unstable angina
- Treatment of acute peripheral arterial occlusion
- Treatment of severe pulmonary embolism
- Treatment of DVT
- Thromboprophylaxis during pregnancy
In prophylaxis, heparin is given 2 hours before surgery in subcutaneous doses of 5000 units.
What are the typical doses of this drug
Heparin dosage when administered with RETEPLASE
> 18yrs initial dose 5,000 units concentration 5,000units/ml - volume 1mlmaximum dose
Heparin dosage when administered with TENECTEPLASE
> 18yrs <67kg initial dose 4,000 units concentration 5,000unis/ml - volume 0.8ml maximum dose
> 18yrs <67kg initial dose 5,000 units concentration 5,000units/ml - volume 1ml maximum dose
What are the drugs actions Pharmacodynamics
- Binds Antithrombin 3 which inactivates Thrombin in the clotting cascade and inhibits factor 10 which stops the formation of fibrin
Pharmokinetics of the drug
- Metabolised in the liver
- Excreted by the Kidneys
What are the side effects of HEPARIN
Haemorrhage - major or minor
Alopecia (on prolonged use), anaphylaxis, angioedema, hyperkalaemia, hypersensitivity reactions, injection site reactions, osteoporosis, priaprism, rebound hyperlipidaemia, skin necrosis, urticaria,.thrombocytopenia
