Sheep reproduction Flashcards
How does chlamydia present in sheep placentas?
Intercotyledonary space is really thick and inflamed
How does toxoplasma present in sheep placentas?
White lesions on the cotyledons - look like white blackberries
Intercotyledonary space is normal
How does campylobacter infection present in the foetus?
Lesions and enlarged liver in foetus
What does EAE stand for?
Enzootic abortion of Ewes
What are the clinical signs of EAE?
Abortion 2-3 weeks before term
Premature/weak lambs
Lots of discharge post lambing
What can cause EAE?
Chlamydia - disrupts placental production of progesterone
Toxoplasma gondii
How do you control EAE following an outbreak?
Isolate ewes
Destroy foetuses, placenta
Disinfect
How do you treat EAE in ewes?
Oxytetracycline
How can you prevent EAE?
Mydiavac - vaccine
Closed flock
What is dangerous about EAE?
Zoonosis - pregnant women
How do you treat/control toxoplasma?
Decoquinate
Pyrimethamine
Toxovac - vaccination
What can cause toxoplasmosis?
Cats
Zoonosis - undercooked meat
What are the main causes of infection ovine abortion (not enzootic abortion)?
Chlamydophila Toxoplasma Campylobacter Salmonella Listeriosis
What does border disease cause?
Hairy shaker lambs
Abortion
What causes vaginal prolapse?
Hormones alter collagen and smooth muscle amount in vaginal wall
When does vaginal prolapse usually occur?
3 weeks before lambing
What are some risk factors of vaginal prolapse?
Lowland breeds
Big litter size
Older ewe
Overfeeding
What are other names for pregnancy toxaemia?
Twin lamb disease
Ovine ketosis
When does pregnancy toxaemia occur?
Last 2 weeks of pregnancy
What are the clinical signs of pregnancy toxaemia?
Dull/reduced appetite CNS signs Blind Head pressing Ataxia Smell ketones Death
What causes pregnancy toxaemia? What is the maintenance requirement?
Undernutrition - need x1.75 maintenance in last 2 months of pregnancy
How do you treat pregnancy toxaemia?
Dextrose for hypoglycaemia Palatable feed Glucocorticoids C section maybe Anabolic steroids - correct acidosis
What are clinical signs of hypocalcaemia?
Unsteady
Sternal recumancy
Prolapse vagina
How do you treat hypocalcaemia?
Calcium borogluconate IV
What can cause hypomagnesaemia?
Sudden cold wet weather so stop eating 4-6 weeks after lambing
What are clinical signs of hypomagnesaemia?
Dead
Muscle tremors
Nystagmus
Frothing at mouth
How do you treat hypomagnesaemia?
Magnesium sulphate SC (NOT IV)
What are the 2 main pathogens causing sheep mastitis?
Mannheimia haemolytica
Staph aureus
What causes joint ill?
Strep dysgalactiae
How do you treat joint ill?
Antibiotics for 10 days - penicillin
Oxytetracycline
What causes haemolytic anaemia in lambs?
When bovine IgG attacks sheep RBC
