Screening for Cancer Lecture Powerpoint COPY

Question 1

Why not screen everyone for cancers? (3)

Answer 1

• Cost
• risk factors (radiation exposure
• false positives

Question 2

Length time bias

Answer 2

Refers to how the probability of detecting a cancer is proportional to the growth rate of the cancer meaning that detecting a tumor often means its in the later stages

Question 3

Important trends regarding lung cancer, breast cancer, prostate cancer, and colorectal cancer

Answer 3

They have all declined due to improved screening measures (lung and not overdiagnosing prostate) and behavioral change (smoking)

Question 4

Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) indicates colonoscopy as early as age…

Answer 4

…10

Question 5

Asbestos and smoking have a ___ effect on increasing risk of lung cancer

Answer 5

synergistic

Question 6

Cancer screening guidelines ACS and USPSTF lung cancer

Answer 6

Both low dose chest CT for those 55-80 with a >30 pack year history who are still smoking or have quit within the past 15 years

Question 7

2 absolute risk factors for breast cancer development

Answer 7

• Age

- sex

Question 8

Cancer screening guidelines ACS and USPSTF breast cancer

Answer 8

-40-49 optional to begin yearly screening, ACS wants 45-54 yearly then every 2 years if expected to live >10 years, USPSTF says 50-74 every 2 years and recommends against the breast self exam

Question 9

Cancer screening guidelines ACS and USPSTF colorectal cancer

Answer 9

-begin at age 50 to 75 colonoscopy every 10 years, 776-85 varies on decision, >85 not recommended, can do flex endoscopy or CT colonography every 5 years, can also do fecal occult blood testing

Question 10

No specific screening for uterine or ovarian cancers exist. Instead, educate patient on reporting any of these 3 symptoms

Answer 10

• unusual vaginal bleeding or discharge
• bleeding after intercourse
• persistent abdominal discomfort or bloating

Question 11

Cancer screening guidelines ACS and USPSTF cervical cancer

Answer 11

->21-29 cytology pap smear every 3 years, 30 to 65 cytology + hpv co test every 5 or cytology every 3, greater than 65 can stop with 3 consecutive neg cytolog tests within past 10 years (same for both)

Question 12

Cancer screening guideliens ACS and USPSTF prostate cancer

Answer 12

ACS says men >50 should have PSA for trending purposes (<4 further eval) while USPSTF is against all together

Question 13

Biggest risk factor for testicular cancer and prognosis

Answer 13

Cryptorchidism, high survival rate if caught early

Question 14

Cancer screening guidelines ACS and USPSTF testicular cancer

Answer 14

-ACS recommends part of periodic cancer related checkup, USPSTF recommends against

Question 15

Cancer screening guidelines ACS and USPSTF skin cancer

Answer 15

-no guidelines ACS but regular skin checks, USPSTF has none

Question 16

Immunocompromised patients or with autoimmune disorders are recommended to get yearly skin checks because they are at risk for….

Answer 16

melanoma