3rd Semester Pharm Final Flashcards
Zofran (odansetron)
Antiemetic usedto prevent nausea and vomiting after surgery, gastroenteritis, cancer chemo, or radiation therapy
Neupogen
Drug for shortening WBC recovery period after chemotherapy, preventing pancytopenia
Cyclophosphamide
Alkylating chemotherapy drug used to suppress immune system treating lymphoma, leukemia, etc.
Methotrexate
Chemotherapeutic agent and immunosuppressant to treat cancers as well as RA and psoriasis
Cyclosporine
Immunosuppressant drug used to prevent organ rejection in patients who have received liver, kidney, or heart transplant
5 FU
Antimetabolite chemotherapeutic agent
7+3 therapy
Cytabrine and daunorubicin used together for treating AML but should be avoided in cardiac disease
Bisphosphonates
Class of drugs that prevent the loss of bone density used to treat osteoporosis and similar diseases
Gleevac (imatinib)
Tyrosine kinase used alongside bone marrow transplant for treatment of CML, most common issue is fluid retention
Rituximab (rituxan)
Part of R-CHOP formula used to treat certain kidns of cancer such as non hodgekin’s lymphoma and CLL, also immunosuppressant used to treat RA and decrease joint pain and swelling
Cimetidine (tagamet)
H2 receptor antagonists that decreases acid secretion and inhibits gastrin for heart burn, stomach ulcers, GERD, ADR’s include antiandrogenic effects
Ranitidine (zantac)
H2 receptor antagonist that decreases acid secretion for heart burn, stomach ulcers, GERD, few ADR’s
Omeprazole (prilosec)
Proton pump inhibitor that irreversibly binds proton pumps reducing secretion of H+, rebound hypersecretion and headache
Misoprostol
Synthetic analogue of prostaglandin used for prevention of gastric ulcers caused by long term NSAID therapy, contraindicated in pregnancy
Calcium carbonate (tums)
Simple antacid, adverse effects can result in metabolic alkalosis
Bismuth subsalicylate (pepto-bismol)
Treats stomach conditions including diarrhea, gas, heartburn, nausea, and stomach discomfort, belongs to antidiarrheal, adverse effects include black color stool and tinnitus
Methylcellulose
Bulk forming agent laxative similar to fiber
Docusate
Surfactant to allow water to move into feces for non opioid induced constipation
Polyethylene glycol (miralax)
Osmotic laxative
Diphenoxylate and atropine(Lomotil)
Man made narcotic for acute diarrhea that abuse potential is lowered by atropine
Scopolamine (hyoscine)
Anticholinergic drug that depresses neuronal activity in the inner ear for motion sickness
Loperamide (immodium)
Antidiarrheal opioid OTC used to treat diarrhea by suppressinb bowel motility including IBS but does not cross BBB preventing abuse
N acetylcysteine
Acetaminophen toxicity antidote
Physostigmine
Anticholinergic toxicity antidote
Flumazenil
Benzodiazepine toxicity antidote
Cholinesterase inhibitors and organophosphate toxicity antidote
Atropine
Hydroxocobalamin (deriv of B12)
Cyanide toxicity antidote
Metoclopramide (reglan)
can treat gastroparesis in patients with diabetes or GERD as it is a gut motility stimulator and antiemetic, side effect tardive diskinesias permanent if unchecked
Terbutaline
Drug to inhibit labor
Bromocriptine
Prevents lactation from occurring
Clonidine
an alpha agonist antihypertensive and sedative for some tics and such in children
Lyrica (pregabalin)
GABA analogue used to treat nerve pain including fibromyalgias and treatment of seizures, risk of abuse in opioid abuse disorder patients
Gabapentin (neurontin)
GABA analogue anticonvulsant and nerve pain medication, can treat seizures and pain caused by shingles, risk of abuse in opioid use disorder patients
examples of strong opioid agonists (4)
- fentanyl
- hydromorphone
- methadone
- morphine
Examples of moderate to strong opioid agonists (3)
- codeine
- hydrocodone
- oxycodone
Dextromethorphan/hydrocodone/codeine
Opioid with minimal analgesic activity but good antitussive activity to be used in anticough meds
Bupenorphine (suboxone (+naloxone) or buprenex)
Partial opioid agonist that can be used to prevent withdrawal in opioid use disorder, typically induced and maintained for indeterminate amount of time on medication
Naloxone (narcan)
used to reverse respiratory and CNS depression caused by opioid agonists
Fentanyl
Opioid painkiller with potency approx 100x that of morphine
Meperedine (demerol)
Short term opioid, used for treatment of severe acute pain, short half life and highly irritating but sometimes used for drug induced rigors and shivering analgesia post anesthesic patient
Methadone
Opioid PO treatment for chronic nociceptive pain, drug abuse treatment programs for opioid addiction, highly addictive and increases risk of overdose risk if combined with other drugs like heroin, does not provide euphoria but does sedate
Oxycodone (percocet)
Semi synthetic derivative of morphine 9.5 more potent than codeine and 1.5x more potent than PO morphine
hydrocodone
analgesic activity equivalent to codeine, PO only to relieve pain and suppress cough Most widely prescribed drug in the US,
Naltrexone (vivitrol
Pure opioid antagonist used for alcohol and opioid abuse by preventing euphoria (but can precipitate withdrawal and has no effect on craving)
Tramadol (ultram)
Non opioid central acting agent, PO agent for treatment of moderate to severe pain
