ENT Physical Exam Lecture Powerpoint Flashcards
HPV is one of the leading causes of ___ cancers alongside cervical
Head and neck (oral)
Autophony
Being able to hear self talking or breathing, a question to ask during ENT history
Tullio phenomenon
Physical manifestation of dizziness following exposure to loud sounds, typically an issue of the semicircular canals requiring CT
Kiesselbach plexus
Located in the anterior nasal septum, this highly vascular arterial area is formed from terminal branches anastamosing of the internal and external carotids and is the most common cause of anterior epistaxis (this is why you hold the lower part of the nose during a nosebleed and not up at the bridge)
Dental occlusion measurement
Either normal occlusion, overbite (class II), underbite (class III), open bite (cannot bring teeth together no matter what, can make it impossible to eat things like yummy carrots :’((((( )
Weber and rinne hearing tests
Weber test that doesn’t lateralize is normal.
Weber test that lateralizes to one side has either conductive loss of the same ear or sensorineural loss of the opposite ear, rinne test with air conduction greater than bone is normal or confirmatory of contralateral sensorineural loss, and bone conduction greater than air conduction is confirmatory of conductive loss
Turbinate vs polyp
Often middle turbinate is mistaken for it but a polyp is white and shiny and doesn’t match the color of the surrounding tissue
Base of tongue sweep is very important for detecting ___ especially in ___
cancer, smokers
Level of lymph nodes
Groups within the lymph node chains used to describe specifically by radiologists or during physical exam to specify location of a mass
Uvula with deviate away from a ____ (not referring to neurology we are referring to ENT)
Peritonsilar abscess
Reticulated white lesion on the buccal mucosa or tongue might be…
….lichen planus (inflammatory condition thought to be autoimmune sometimes brought on by medication
Torus palentine
A form of exostosis (which can be seen in the ear), hard lumps on the roof of mouth that if present for long time then not problematic as it is just overgrowth of the palate bone
Most lumps that grow in the mouth that are cancers appear as ___ opposed to hard and bony
Ulcerative
Mucosal melanoma
A type of melanoma that occurs in the mucosa of the mouth nose or anus and is highly aggressive with poor prognosis
Ramsay hunt syndrome
Herpes zoster that exists in the mouth, will only be one sided and can eventually cause facial paralysis or hearing loss
Ranula
Cyst or obstruction of submandibular or sublingual duct that will enlarge upon eating and occasionally pop with clear salty drainage, benign and may require surgical incision
Angular cheilitis in adults
Inflammation in the corners of mouth often associated with a fungal infection in adults
Squamous cell carcinoma
Most often seen with smoking or chewing tobacco, treated often with surgical excision of tongue which is life altering surgery as they can no longer talk or eat after
Benign migratory glossitis/fissured tongue
Thought to be autoimmune, benign and common in 5% of healthy pop
Hairy tongue and treatment
Removable dark plaque growth often on smokers surface of tongue that grows back, treated with nystatin
Untreated septal hematoma often resultant from trauma cases will result in….
….septal perforation
Septal perforation complications (4)
Saddle nose malformation, whistling noise when breathing, epistaxis, and foul smell
Auricular hematoma
Large masses on the auricle of the ear that if left untreated can result in cauliflower ear
Mastoiditis
Resultant from ottitis media that is left untreated or in countries that do not have good infrastructure, sees ears sticking out away from head at a downward angle with soft red tissue, requires tubal drainage immediately to prevent development of meningitis or epidural abscess
