Female Physiology Lecture Powerpoint Flashcards
This is gon be bad mmmkay
2 phases of the female ovarian cycle
Follicular phase and luteal phase
GnRH is released by….
Arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus in a pulsatile function into the hypophyseal portal system
Follicular phase can vary between ____ and ___ days, the luteal phase is almost always ____ days
10-20, 14
Low body fat decreases leptin. This inhibits what hormone’s release?
GnRH
FSH and LH are released by…
anterior pituitary in response to GnRH
2 phases of the female menstrual cycle
Proliferative and secretory phases
Inhibitors of GnRH (6)
- Dopamine
- seratonin
- GABA
- CRH
- Opoid B endorphin
- Excess DHEAs
Activators of GnRH (6)
- Epi
- Norepi
- leptin
- Galantin
- neuropeptide Y
- Gulatmate
Activin is released by…
The ovary
Activin function
Positive effect on FSH secretion from the anterior pituitary, inhibit produciton of progesterone
Inhibin is released by…
The ovary
Inhibin function
Negative effect on FSH secretion from the anterior pituitary
Follistatin is released by…
The ovary
Follistatin function
Inhibits FSH secretion from the anterior pituitary AND inhibits activin activity from the ovary
Estrogen and progesterone must be used together hormone replacement therapy. Why?
Progesterone prevents the overgrowth of the endometrial lining preventing uterine cancer from unregulated estrogen levels
Neuropeptide Y function
Stimulates GnRH release from the hypothalamus at low levels, inhibits GnRH release at high levels, low estrogen causes an increase in neuropeptide Y levles
Leptin function
Stimulates GnRH release from the hypothalamus, too much or too little will have a negative impact on GnRH release
Too much DHEAs from obesity or PCOS causes….
…An inhibitory effect of GnRH release
Epi and norepi function
Stimulates GnRH release from the hypothalamus
Dopamine and seratonin function
Inhibits GnRH release from the hypothalamus
Angiotensin II action
Regulation of norepi and dopamine to either start or stop menstruation in the result of regulating blood pressure
Somatostatin function
Has a negative effect on growth hormone, prolactin, and TSH
Galanin is release from…
The Hypothalamus
Galanin function
Release from the hypothalamus and enters the portal circulation to have a positive effect on LH secretion from the anterior pituitary