Risk for Fluid Imbalances Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 4 at risk for fluid imbalance?

A

infants, elderly, obese and ill

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2
Q

do infants or adults have a higher percentage of body water?

A

infants

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3
Q

what is more than half of body water made up of?

A

an extracellular compartment

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4
Q

who has a smaller reserve of body fluids, infants or adults?

A

infants

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5
Q

why is the daily fluid exchange greater in infants than adults?

A

bc of their high metabolic rate

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6
Q

why do infants have an inability to concentrate urine efficiently?

A

bc they have immature kidneys

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7
Q

do adults or infants have a greater fluid loss through the skin?

A

infants
- due to their greater SA

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8
Q

infants and young children have immature homeostatic regulating mechanisms, therefore do not respond as efficiently as adults to small changes in fluid balance. TRUE or FALSE

A

true

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9
Q

why are elderly especially at risk for fluid imbalance?

A
  • aging kidneys have a drop in GFR
  • decrease in ability to concentrate urine
    -slower to respond to sodium an water imbalance
  • have a decreased response to ADH
  • decrease in secretion of aldosterone
  • have a reduction in total body water
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10
Q

is fluid intake always regulated by thirst?

A

no
- can also be associated with food intake

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11
Q

do obese ppl have a higher percentage of body water than lean ppl?

A

no

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12
Q

why are ill people at risk for fluid imbalance?

A
  • drinking too much fluids
  • losing fluids from diarrhea, vomiting, fever
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13
Q

why do ppl with an inflammatory response have a risk of fluid imbalance?

A

will experience intravascular fluid loss due to increase capillary permeability

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