Respiratory monitors and equipment Flashcards
___________ is the force that acts opposite to the relative motion of an object.
Resistance
______________ is the ability of the lungs to stretch and expand.
Compliance
What are the type types of pulmonary compliance?
static compliance
dynamic compliance
What is static compliance?
assesses the pressure required to keep the lung inflated to a given volume when there is no air movement
What is dynamic compliance?
assesses the pressure required to inflate the lung to a given volume when there’s airflow
Dynamic compliance is impacted by
airway resistance and the tendency of the lung/chest to collapse
What is peak inspiratory pressure?
the maximum pressure in the patient’s airway during inspiration
What is plateau pressure?
the pressure in the small airways and alveoli after the traget tidal volume is achieved
We can evaluate the PIP and PP to determine if alterations in pulmonary mechanics are due to changes in __________ or __________
compliance or resistance
Increased resistance manifests as ___________ PIP with ____________ PP
increased; normal
Examples of increased resistance include
kinked endotracheal tube & bronchospasm
Decreased pulmonary compliance manifests as ________ PIP and _______ PP.
increased & increased
Examples of decreased pulmonary compliance include
endobronchial intubation and pulmonary edema
What is the resistance equation?
Resistance= [P(airway)-P(alveolar)]/gas flow rate
What is the compliance equation?
Compliance= delta V/delta P
Compliance measures the
elastic properties of the lungs and chest wall
Things that influence compliance include
muscle tone
degree of lung inflation
alveolar surface tension
amount of interstitial lung water
pulmonary fibrosis
In the adult, normal static compliance is
35-100 mL/cm H2O