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Apex Review > Coagulation > Flashcards

Coagulation Flashcards

1
Q

Match each mediator with its primary function in the blood:
Protein C, Plasminogen activation inhibitor, Von Willebrand factor, tPA
Procoagulant, anticoagulant, antifibrinolytic fibrinolytic

A

Von Willebrand factor- procoagulant
Protein C- anticoagulant
tPA- fibrinolytic
plasminogen activation inhibitor- antifibrinolytic

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2
Q

When there’s a vascular injury, the body attempts to prevent

A

hemorrhage

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3
Q

What steps does the body take to prevent hemorrhage?

A

vascular spasm
formation of platelet plug (primary hemostasis)
coagulation and fibrin formation (secondary hemostasis)
fibrinolysis when the clot is no longer needed

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4
Q

When there is no injury, blood remains

A

as a liquid

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5
Q

How does blood maintain as a liquid?

A

coagulation proteins circulate in inactive form
the endothelium is smooth & the glycocalyx repels clotting factors
undamaged endothelium does not express tissue factor or collagen

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6
Q

There’s a delicate balance between factors that

A

create clots & those that prevent clots; A disruption can lead to pathology

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7
Q

Both arteries and venous are made of

A

3 layers

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8
Q

The three layers of arteries and veins include

A

tunica externa (connective tissue)
tunica media (smooth muscle layer & elastic tissue)
tunica intima (endothelium)

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8
Q

The three layers of arteries and veins include

A

tunica externa (connective tissue)
tunica media (smooth muscle layer & elastic tissue)
tunica intima (endothelium)

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9
Q

If procoagulants predominate, then the blood tends to

A

clot

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10
Q

Procoagulants and antifibrinolytics favor

A

clot formation

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11
Q

If anticoagulants predominate, then the blood has a tendency

A

not to clot

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12
Q

Anticoagulants and fibrinolytics favor

A

clot destruction

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13
Q

Coagulation factors, collagen, wVF, fibronectin, and thrombomodulin are all

A

procoagulants

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14
Q

Protein C, protein S, antithrombin, tissue pathway factor inhibitor are all

A

anticoagulants

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15
Q

Plasminogen, tPA, urokinase are all

A

fibronlytics

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16
Q

Alpha-antiplasmin and plasminogen activator inhibitor are

A

antifbrinolytics

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17
Q

Vasoactive mediators that cause vasoconstriction include

A

thromboxane A2, ADP, serotonin

18
Q

Vasoactive mediators that cause vasodilation include

A

nitric oxide
prostacyclin

19
Q

__________– breaks down plasmin

A

plasminogen

20
Q

________ & _____________ activates plasmin

A

Urokinase and tPA

21
Q

What is a cofactor for protein C?

A

Protein S

22
Q

Protein C is responsible for

A

degrading factor 5a & 8a

23
Q

Antithrombin inactivates

A

2a (thrombin)
factors 9a, 10a, 11a, & 12a

24
Q

Tissue pathway factor inhibitor is responsible for

A

inhibiting tissue factor

25
Q

Coagulation factors promote

A

coagulation

26
Q

Collagen provides

A

tensile strength

27
Q

Von Willebrand factor provides

A

platelet adhesion

28
Q

Fibronectin is responsible for

A

cell adhesion

29
Q

____________- regulates naturally occurring anticoagulants

A

Thrombomodulin

30
Q

Alpha antiplasmin

A

inactivates tPA, urokinase

31
Q

Plasminogen activator inhibitor

A

inhibits plasmin

32
Q

Platelets contain the following components EXCEPT:
a. actin
b. deoxyribonucleic acid
c. adenosine diphosphate
d. calcium

A

b. deoxyribonucleic acid

33
Q

Normal value of platelets is

A

150,000-300,000/mm3

34
Q

The lifespan of platelets is

A

8-12 days (1-2 weeks)

35
Q

The spleen can sequester up to

A

1/3rd of all circulating platelets for later use

36
Q

Platelets are a

A

structural component of the clot

37
Q

Platelets are essential delivery vehicles that provide

A

many substrates required for clot formation

38
Q

Megakaryocytes produce platelets in

A

the bone marrow

39
Q

Components of the platelet on the external membrane include

A

glycoproteins
phospholipids

40
Q

Components of the inside of the platelet include

A

actin & myosin
thrombosthenin
ADP
calcium
fibrin-stabilizing factor
serotonin
growth factor

41
Q

In the absence of vascular injury, the endothelium inhibits platelet function by secreting:

A

nitric oxide- inhibits TxA2 receptor
prostaglandin 12- inhibits vWF adherence, TxA2 activation, and release of storage granules

42
Q

Platelet receptors that exist on the platelet include

A

ADP
GPIb
TxA2
Thrombin
GPIIb-IIa

43
Q

Platelets are cleared by

A

macrophages in the reticuloendothelial system and the spleen

Apex Review (224 decks)

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