Radiology 2 Flashcards

1
Q

An endotracheal tube should be _________ above the carina on XR.

A

2-5 cm (depending upon patient size)
the Carina is typically located at the T4-T5 interspace

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2
Q

The tip of a central venous line should be in the

A

distal 1/3rd of the SVC and no further than the SVC to RA junction

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3
Q

A pulmonary artery catheter should be visualized coursing from

A

the SVC–> RA–> RV–> Pulmonary artery in West’s zone 3

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4
Q

When evaluating a cardiac implanted electronic device, you should look at

A

the location and integrity of the leads

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5
Q

The tip of the ICD or pacemaker leads should be

A

embedded in the endocardium

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6
Q

To diagnose a misplaced cardiac lead, you’ll need

A

two views (PA and lateral)

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7
Q

List 4 ways you can determine whether the ETT is at the correct depth on CXR

A

mid-trachea
4-5 cm above the carina
4-5 cm above T4-T5
at level of the medial ends of the clavicles

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8
Q

What is the FIRST radiographic sign of pulmonary edema?
a. cardiac enlargement
b. cephalization
c. Kerley B lines
d. Pleural effusion

A

B. cephalization

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9
Q

The 1st stage of cardiogenic pulmonary edema is

A

cephalization- redistribution of vascular markings to the upper lung

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10
Q

The 2nd stage of cardiogenic pulmonary edema is

A

peribronchial cuffing and Kerley lines (A & B)

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11
Q

The 3rd stage of cardiogenic pulmonary edema is

A

alveolar edema, pleural effusion, and increased cardiac size

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12
Q

_______ occurs in 90% of patients under general anesthesia & is not usually detectable by chest radiography

A

Basilar atelectasis

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13
Q

Radiographic evidence of aspiration is most likely to occur in

A

the RUL or RLL

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14
Q

A tension pneumothorax is characterized by a

A

depressed diaphragm, flattened right cardiac border, and contralateral mediastinal shift

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15
Q

Multiple traumatic rib fractures may be associated with

A

opacities due to lung contusion or pneumothorax

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16
Q

__________ can be difficult to see on a supine AP chest film because air will accumulate in the anterior inferior thorax adjacent to the diaphragm (deep sulcus sign).

A

simple or small pneumothoraces

17
Q

Radiographic signs of a simple pneumothorax include

A

a pleural line beyond which no vascular markings are seen (region appears hyperlucent)
the collapsed lung retains the general shape of lung
deep sulcus sign

18
Q

When air collects in the anterior inferior thorax adjacent to the diaphragm, this is known as a

A

deep sulcus sign

19
Q

Describe the first stage of ARDS

A

Exudative
-diffuse patchy alveolar infiltrates manifest peripherally about 12 hours after the initial insult

20
Q

Describe the 2nd stage of ARDS

A

Proliferative- primarily alveolar infiltrates with atelectasis and air bronchograms appear 24-48 hours after

21
Q

Describe the 3rd stage of ARDS

A

Fibrotic- there’s complete alveolar consolidation