Neuraxial blocks Flashcards
Vertebral column is formed by __ vertebrae?
33
Describe how many cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, & coccygeal vertebrae there are.
Cervical= 7 Thoracic= 12 Lumbar= 5 Sacral= 5-fused Coccygeal= 4-fused
Describe the types of curves that exist in the spine.
Cervical & lumbar= lordosis
Thoracic & sacral= kyphosis
_____ & _______ join the anterior and posterior segments of the vertebra to form the vertebral foramen
Lamina & pedicles
The vertebral foramen contains the
spinal cord, nerve roots, and epidural space
Cervical and thoracic spinous processes angle in a ______ direction which requires more _________ approach with the needle
caudal; cephalad
The lumbar spinous processes project in a posterior direction which is beneficial because
it increases ease of access for placement of neuraxial anesthesia
The intervertebral disc separate ______ and act
each vertebra and act as shock absorbers
Spinal nerves exit the vertebral column through
the intervertebral foramina
_________ reduces the size of the intervertebral foramina
disc degeneration
Disc degeneration can lead to
nerve compression and manifest as pain, parathesias, and/or motor deficits
Surface landmark: vertebra prominens
C7
Surface landmarks: spine of scapula
T3
Surface landmarks: inferior angle of scapula
T7
Surface landmarks: rib margin 10 cm from midline
L1
Surface landmarks: superior aspect of iliac crest
L4
Surface landmarks: posterior superior iliac spine
S2
Tuffier’s line correlates with
L4
in infants up to 1 year it is L5-S1 interspace
The facet joints are responsible for
guiding and restricting the movement of the vertebral column
Injury to facet joint can
compress nerves leading to pain and muscle spasms