Coagulation 8 Flashcards

1
Q

Triggers of sickle cell crisis include: (select 2)
a. alkalosis
b. hyperthermia
c. pain
d. dehydration

A

c. & d.

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2
Q

Sickle cell disease is a _________ disorder that affects __________

A

inherited; erythrocytes

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3
Q

Sickled cells are more prone to _________

A

hemolysis and removal by the spleen

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4
Q

What is the average lifespan of sickled cells compared to normal cells

A

12-17 days vs. 120 days

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5
Q

______________ leads to sickling

A

deoxygenation of HgbS

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6
Q

Sickling causes the RBCs to ___________ which causes __________

A

clump together; mechanical obstruction of the microvasculature in the vital organs and joints

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7
Q

What factors can trigger a sickle-cell crisis?

A

pain
hypothermia
hypoxemia
acidosis
dehydration

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8
Q

Complications of sickle cell crisis include

A

vaso-occlusive crisis, acute chest syndrome, & sequestration crisis

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9
Q

The most common manifestation of sickle cell disease is

A

vaso-occlusive crisis

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10
Q

Treatment of vaso-occlusive crisis includes

A

analgesics and hydration

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11
Q

As a general rule, patients with sickle cell ______ do not advance to crisis. _________ is a key exception to this rule.

A

TRAIT; Severe hypoxemia

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12
Q

____________ reduces the incidence and severity of vaso-occlusive crisis

A

Hyroxyurea

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13
Q

Acute chest syndrome is caused by

A

thrombosis, embolism, and infection

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14
Q

Diagnosis of acute chest syndrome includes

A

new lung infiltrates on the CXR and at least one of the following: chest pain, cough, dyspnea, or wheezing

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15
Q

Potential causes of acute chest syndrome include

A

hypoventilation
narcotics
splinting
pain

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16
Q

Sequestration crisis occurs when the

A

spleen removes RBCs from the circulation at a faster rate than the bone marrow produces them

17
Q

Sequestration crisis leads to

A

anemia & hemodynamic instability

18
Q

Aplastic crisis is usually caused by

A

viral infection

19
Q

Sickle cell is associated with

A

asthma (50% of patients)
pHTN (10% of patients)

20
Q

patients with sickle cell disease can also develop

A

pneumococcal disease (children at highest risk)