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Part 1 > Pulmonary System Anatomy 1 > Flashcards

Pulmonary System Anatomy 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 sinuses?

A

Sphenoid

Frontal

Maxillary

Ethmoid

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2
Q

What sinus drains into the nasal cavity?

A

Maxillary sinus

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3
Q

Which meatus contains openings of maxillary and ethmoidal sinuses?

A

Middle meatus. So do the frontal and ethmoid sinuses (but not the sphenoid sinus).

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4
Q

What makes up the lateral walls of the nose?

A

The conchae

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5
Q

Which conch is a separate bone and contains erectile tissue?

A

Inferior concha

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6
Q

What arteries supply the nose?

A

Ant. & post. ethmoidal from the opthalmic artery

Sphenopalatine and greater palatine from the maxillary artery

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7
Q

What is the hayfever ganglion?

A

Pterygopalatine ganglion mandibular division of CN V

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8
Q

The larynx can be found between which vertebrae?

A

Between the levels of C3-C6

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9
Q

The trachea can be found between which vertebrae?

A

Between the levels of C6-T4

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10
Q

The thyroid cartilage attaches to which cartilage?

A

Cricoid

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11
Q

What is the working cartilage of the larynx?

A

Arytenoid

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12
Q

What cartilage sits atop the arytenoid cartilage?

A

Corniculate cartilage

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13
Q

What is the space between the vocal cords called?

A

Rima glottidis or glottis

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14
Q

What is in the anterior mediastinum?

A

Thymus gland

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15
Q

What is in the middle mediastinum?

A

Heart

pericardium

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16
Q

What is in the posterior mediastinum?

A

Esophagus

Descending aorta

Azygos veins Thoracic duct

Sympathetic trunk

17
Q

What is in the superior mediastinum?

A

Aortic arch

Brachiocephalic veins

Phrenic nerve

Vagus nerve

18
Q

What are the three layers of the trachea?

A

Mucosa, submucosa, and adventitia

19
Q

At what level of the vertebral column does bifurcation of the trachea occur?

A

T4

20
Q

Foreign objects are more likely to get caught in which lung?

A

The right lung, because the right pulmonary bronchi is wider, shorter and more vertical than the left

21
Q

What are the subdivision of the bronchial tree?

A

Trachea –> principle bronchus –> lobar bronchus –> segmental bronchus –> terminal bronchiole –> respiratory bronchiole –> alveolar duct –> alveolar sac –> alveolus

22
Q

What cells are found within the bronchiolar epithelium?

A

Clara cells

23
Q

What cells make up the alveolar epithelium?

A

Type I alveolar cells

Type II alveolar cells

Alveolar macrophages

24
Q

What adheres lung to thoracic cage, diaphragm and pericardium?

A

Parietal pleura

25
Q

What is the thin layer over the lung called?

A

Visceral pleura

26
Q

What is it called when you get a loss of vacuum between the visceral and parietal pleura?

A

Pneumothorax

27
Q

What carries blood from aorta to lung tissue?

A

Bronchial artery

28
Q

What carries blood from lung tissue to azygos veins?

A

Bronchial vein

29
Q

What carries deoxygenated blood from right ventricle to alveoli?

A

Pulmonary artery

30
Q

What carries oxygenated blood from alveoli to left atrium?

A

Pulmonary vein

31
Q

What is the location of passage of bronchi, blood vessels and nerves?

A

The hilum of the lung

32
Q

Which lung has a horizontal fissure?

A

Right

33
Q

The cardiac notch is found in which lung?

A

Left

34
Q

What is the projection of the upper lobe of the left lung called?

A

Lingula

35
Q

What nerve innervates the lungs?

A

CN X (Vagus nerve)

36
Q

True or false: The pulmonary plexus is filled with autonomic nerve fibers that innervate the lungs?

A

True, the pulmonary plexus is composed of sympathetic and parasympathetic fibers that control the lungs.

37
Q

What constricts bronchioles?

A

Parasympathetics

38
Q

What dilates bronchioles?

A

Sympathetics

Part 1 (73 decks)

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