Integumentary System Physiology 1 - Temperature Regulation Flashcards
Which organs contribute to core temperature?
Brain
Heart
Kidney and liver
What are 3 ways to measure temperature?
Rectally
Orally
Axillary
Which of the 3 methods of measuring temperature is more accurate?
Rectal
What are the 4 ways of losing body heat?
Radiation
Evaporation
Conduction
Convection
What condition makes people especially vulnerable to hypothermia?
Windy conditions
Since we gain heat from radiation and conduction from objects around us, what is the only real means of losing heat?
Evaporation
What 2 methods does the body use to lose heat?
Vasodilation especially of cutaneous vascular beds and sweating
What 2 things are strongly inhibited when the body is trying to lose heat?
Decreased shivering
Decreased thermogenesis
What hormone is closely related to increasing Basal metabolic rate?
Thyroxine secretion from the thyroid gland. Thyroxine affects body’s temperature regulation and the metabolism of carbohydrates and fats.
What role do epi and norepi play in heat production?
They uncouple oxidative phosphorylation which will increase cellular metabolism to produce heat and not ATP
What are three methods of heat production other than increased cellular metabolism?
Shivering
Vasoconstriction
Piloerection
What causes an increase in the thyroxine output?
Cooling of the preoptic area of hypothalamus –> increased TRH –> increased TSH –> increased thyroxine output
Where is the primary centre for shivering located?
In the posterior hypothalamus
What substances increase the set point of the hypothalamus?
Pyrogens. These are responsible for the raised temperatures in fevers (associated with IL-1).
What causes the release of pyrogens?
Bacteria
Degenerating tissues of the body
WBCs in viral infections
