Integumentary System Biochemistry 1

Question 1

Which 2 enzymes are necessary for glutathione synthesis?

Answer 1

γ-glutamylcysteine and glutathione synthetase. Versus glutathione reductase and glutathione peroxidase are necessary for the reduction and oxidation of glutathione (not the synthesis).

Question 2

What cofactor is needed for both of those enzymes?

Answer 2

Magnesium

Question 3

Where is pre-procollagen synthesized?

Answer 3

Rough ER. Smooth ER does not contain ribosomes (which help make proteins).

Question 4

Which amino acids are necessary during the hydroxylation of procollagen?

Answer 4

Lysine and proline

Question 5

Which vitamin is a necessary cofactor during hydroxylation of procollagen?

Answer 5

Vitamin C

Question 6

What amino acid is the basis for melanin?

Answer 6

Tyrosine via the tyrosinase enzyme

Question 7

The enzyme Tyrosinase requires what mineral cofactor?

Answer 7

Copper

Question 8

What affect does carotene intake have on the skin?

Answer 8

it is a yellow-orange pigment found in plants that van accumulate in the stratum corneum

Question 9

What vitamin is formed from the effects of sunlight on cholesterol in the skin?

Answer 9

Vitamin D. Specifically in response to UVB rays.

Question 10

What nutritional deficiencies are associated with optic neuropathy?

Answer 10

Vitamin B12, thiamine, and folate. These B vitamins are essential for proper neuron functioning.

Question 11

What vitamin is needed to produce retinol?

Answer 11

Vitamin A

Question 12

Retinol is needed for what?

Answer 12

It is needed to bind with opsin to form rhodopsin, which allows for vision in dim lights.