Integumentary System Anatomy 1 Flashcards
What are the two distinct layers of the skin?
Epidermis and dermis
Which layer is vascularized?
The dermis. Epidermis does not have vasculature.
What is the hypodermis also known as?
The superficial fascia or subcutaneous tissue below the skin
What is the role of the hypodermis?
To connect the skin to the underlying tissue and stores fat
What cells inhabit the epidermis?
Keratinocytes, melanocytes, Merkel cells, and Langerhans’ cells
What are the layer of the epidermis (from deepest to most superficial)?
(1) Stratum basale
(2) Stratum spinosum
(3) Stratum granulosum
(4) Stratum lucidum
(5) Stratum corneum
“Come Let’s Get SunBurned”
What role do keratinocytes play?
They produce keratin, which hardens the epidermis
In which skin layer do keratinocytes and melanocytes reside?
Stratum basale
What role do melanocytes play?
Synthesize a melanin pigment that helps protect the epidermis from UV damage
What are the 2 different kinds of melanin?
Eumelanin (dark brown pigment) and pheomelanin (pale red or yellow pigment)
What role do Merkel cells play?
They are sensory receptors for touch
What role do Langerhans’ cells play?
They are epidermal macrophages
What is the connective tissue sheet called that supports the eyelids?
The tarsal plates
What are the glands called that are embedded in the tarsal plates?
Tarsal or Meibomian glands
What muscle operates the opening of the superior eyelid?
Levator palpebrae superioris
