Hematopoietic System Anatomy 1 Flashcards
Where in bone marrow are erythrocytes produced?
Within the blood sinusoids of the red bone marrow. Versus yellow marrow contains more adipocytes and less hematopoietic stem cells.
Explain the path by which a hemocytoblast becomes an erythrocyte
Hemocytoblast –> proerythroblast –> early erythroblast –> late erythroblast –> normoblast –> reticulocyte –> erythrocyte
In which of these stages of development is the nucleus detached and released from the cell?
The normoblast
Which protein is responsible for the biconcave shape of erythrocytes?
Spectrin, which gives them their flexibility
Which B vitamins are key in the production of erythrocytes?
Vitamin B12 and Folate. These vitamins are essential for DNA methylation and synthesis.
What system in the body is responsible for the destruction of old red blood cells?
Reticuloendothelial system (a.k.a. mononuclear phagocyte system)
What portions of the Liver and spleen contribute to the breaking down of worn out red blood cells?
Kupffer cells of the liver
Red pulp of the spleen
After erythrocytes break apart what happens?
They are engulfed by macrophages
What happens to the parts of the erythrocyte?
(1) The heme is broken off the globin
(2) The globin is broken down into amino acids
(3) The heme is degraded into bilirubin
(4) The iron is stored as ferritin or hemosiderin
How much of plasma is water?
90%
What solutes are carried in plasma?
Proteins, cellular by-products (ex: urea), metabolic nutrients (ex: amino acids), electrolytes (ex: sodium), and respiratory gases (ex: oxygen)
Which protein is the most abundant in plasma?
Albumin
Plasma with clotting factors removed is known as what?
Serum
