Pharmacology - Chapters 66-67 - Review of Immunology, Vaccinations & Immunization. Flashcards
The Immune System is a ___ mechanism of the body characterized by the recognition of non-self in the protection of the body from microorganisms and other harmful substances.
Defense Mechanism.
What are the two basic components of immunity?
Natural/Innate Immunity (non-specific) and Acquired Immunity (specific).
Natural/Innate immunity involes…..
Intact skin, mucus, gastric acid, antimicrobial substances, fever, nautral killer cells, and inflammatory responses.
Interferons inhibit replication of ____.
Viruses.
Interferons - inhibit the growth of some….
microbes and enhance the repair of damaged tissues.
Acquired Immunity - activated in response to…
specific stimuli (foreign antigens.)
Acquired Immunity consists of two protective responses -
Humoral Response (B Cells) and Cell-Mediated Response (T Cell.)
Humoral Response (B Cells) include… (2)
Plasma cells and Memory Cells.
Cell-Mediated Response (T Cell) includes… (3)
T cytotoxic cells (Tc), T helper cells (Th), T Suppressor cells (Ts).
Antibodies - aka…
Immunoglobulin.
Perforin - secretions by certain T- cells that kill….
invaders by punching holes in their membranes.
Macrophage - def
a phagocytic cell derived from blood monocytes.
B Cell - def
a lymphocyte that plays a key role in humoral immunity.
Helper T-Cell - def
master switch of the immune system.
Killer T Cell - def
A lymphocyte that directly destroys infected body cells. Plays a key role in cell mediated immunity.
Suppressor T-Cell - def
a lymphocyte that has a regulatory functions.
Memory Cells - def
B-Cells & T-Cells that are produced but not used in a first immune response.
What are the 5 classes of Immunoglobulins?
IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG, IgM.
IgA - def - located in __ and other ___ - __ line of defense.
located in mucus and other secretions - 1st line of defense against pathogens entering the body.
IgD - def - located on the ___ of mature ___ ___. Serves as a receptor of…
located on the surface of mature B Cells - serves as receptor of antigen recognition.
IgE - def - binds to ____ ____ - stimulates release of ___.
binds to mast cells - stimulates release of histamines.
IgG - produced in response to …….. major antibody class…
Produced in response to antigen stimulations; major antibody class (the only antibody capable of crossing their placenta to give passive immunity to fetus.)
Vaccine - def
Preparation containing whole or fractionated microorganisms, which causes the recipient’s immune system to manufacture antibodies against the microbe from which the vaccine was made.
Killed/live vaccine - def
Killed vaccines are composed of whole, killed microbes or isolated microbial components.
Live/attenuated vaccines are composed of live microbes that have been weakened (considered completely avirulent.)
