Pharmacology Chapter 10 - Drug Therapy in Pediatric Patients.

Question 1

Premature Infants - age range

Answer 1

less than 36 weeks.

Question 2

Full-term infants - age range

Answer 2

36-40 weeks.

Question 3

Neonates - age range -

Answer 3

1st 4 weeks post-natal

Question 4

Infants - age range

Answer 4

5-32 weeks post-natal.

Question 5

Children - age range

Answer 5

1-12 years

Question 6

Adolescents - age range

Answer 6

12-16 years.

Question 7

Plasma levels in infants _ more slowly in infants than in adults.

Answer 7

decline

Question 8

Infants have 5 immature pharmacokinetic processes. These are..

Answer 8

Drug absorption (absorption of drugs is greater in infants than neonates and adults.)
Renal Excretion - (reduced in new borns.)
Hepatic metabolism (low in new born.)
Protein binding (albumin lower in infants.)
Blood-brain barrier - (not fully developed in infancy, making infant much susceptible to drugs.)

Question 9

If exposure did occur during organogenesis…

Answer 9

find a reference book, and see what could be expected. Have 2 ultrasounds, then determine if surgery can fix it or if termination is the best option.

Question 10

By one year, pharmacokinetic response is ___ to adult)

Answer 10

similar.

Question 11

Approximate child’s dose…(formula)

Answer 11

Body surface area of the child X adult dose / 1.73 M squared.