Chapter 17 - Adrenergic Agonists

Question 1

Adrenergic Agonists - produce their effects by…

Answer 1

activating adrenergic receptors.

Question 2

Adrenergic receptors are….3

Answer 2

Alpha (Alpha 1 + 2), Beta (Beta 1 + 2) and Dopamine.

Question 3

Basic Mechanisms of Adrenergic Receptor Activation -

Answer 3

Promotion of NE release, direct receptor binding, blockage of Ne reuptake, inhibition of NE inactivation (blocking action of MAO.)

Question 4

Adrenergic Agonists - Chemical classification - 2

Answer 4

catecholamines and non-catecholamines.

Question 5

Catecholamines vs. Non-catecholamines

Answer 5

Cat - cannot be used orally, cannot cross blood brain barrier, short half life, like NE, E, dopamine, etc.

Non-catecholamines - can use orally, can cross blood brain barrier, longer half life - like epherdrine, phenulephrine, terbutaline, etc.

Question 6

Alpha 1 Stimulation causes…

Answer 6

Vasoconstriction - which means it stops hemostasis, reduces nasal decongestion, mydriasis, and acts as an adjunct to local anesthesia.

Question 7

Adverse effects of Alpha 1 stimulation -

Answer 7

hypertension, bradycardia, necrosis.

Question 8

Alpha 2 Receptors are located…… ?

Answer 8

Pre-synaptically

Question 9

Alpha 2 receptors in the periphery are very important clinically - T/F?

Answer 9

FALSE.

Question 10

Activation of alpha 2 receptors in ___ is very important.

Answer 10

CNS - causes reduction of sympathetic response in heart and blood vessels and causes slowing of heart rate and vaso dilation.

Question 11

Beta 1 Receptors are located where?

Answer 11

In the heart.

Question 12

Beta 1 Activation - Therapeutic Use –

Answer 12

Cardiac arrest (initiates heart beating in arrested heart.)
Heart failure, shock, AV block.

Question 13

Adverse effects - Beta 1 Activation -

Answer 13

tachycardia, dysrhythmias, angina pectoris

Question 14

Beta 2 Receptors - located __?

Answer 14

In the lungs and uterus.

Question 15

Beta 2 Receptor Activation - Therapeutic Use

Answer 15

Asthma - promotes bronchodilation

Delay of preterm labor.

Question 16

Adverse Effects of Beta 2 Receptor Activation -

Answer 16

Hyperglycemia/Tremors

Question 17

Dopamine Receptors are located in the ___

Answer 17

kidney.

Question 18

Dopamine Receptors - therapeutic applications to..

Answer 18

dilate renal vasculature and enhance cardiac performance.

Question 19

Anaphylactic Shock - cause

Answer 19

severe allergy.

Question 20

Signs and Symptoms of Anaphylactic Shock

Answer 20

hypotension, bronchial constriction, edema of glottis.

Question 21

Treatment of Anaphylactic Shock -

Answer 21

Epinephrine

Question 22

Epinephrine - Activates ___ types of receptors.

Answer 22

All four types.

Question 23

Therapeutic uses - epinephrine

Answer 23

Delay absorption of local anesthetics, control superficial bleeding, reduce nasal congestion, etc.

Question 24

Epi - administered….How?

Answer 24

topically, IN, inhalation - but not orally!

Question 25

Epinephrine has a long half life - T/F?!

Answer 25

FALSE. it is short!

Question 26

Adverse effects of epinephrine -

Answer 26

Hypertensive crisis, dysrhythmiasis, angina pectoris, etc.

Question 27

Epinephrine - drug interactions - DO NOT USE WITH…5

Answer 27

MAO inhibitors, tricylic antidepressants, general anesthetics, alpha adrenergic blocking agents, beta adrenergic blocking agents.