Pharmacology - Chapter 44 - Calcium Channel Blockers

Question 1

Calcium channels in __ ___ ___ regulate contraction.

Answer 1

Vascular Smooth Muscle.

Question 2

Calcium moves ___(after calcium channels open), which initiates the contracticle process.

Answer 2

inward.

Question 3

Calcium channels help regulate functions of the ___, ___, and ____.

Answer 3

Myocardium, SA node, and AV node.

Question 4

In all 3 sites (Myocardium, SA Node, and AV Node) calcium channels are coupled with ___ adrenergic receptors.

Answer 4

Beta 1.

Question 5

Calcium Channel Blocker = Calcium Agonist/ or Antagonist?

Answer 5

Antagonist.

Question 6

CCB and Beta Blockers don’t have the same action. T/F?

Answer 6

False - they do have the same action! They both reduce the force of contraction and slow heart rate and suppress conduction through AV node.

Question 7

What are the three classes of Calcium Channel Blockers? And their locations?

Answer 7

Dihydropyridines (Nifedipine) - Arterioles
Phenylalamine (Verapamil) - Arterioles and Heart
Benzothiazepine - (Diltiazem) - Arterioles and Heart

Question 8

Nifedipine - (Adalat) What does it do? What is it used for?

Answer 8

It blocks calcium in blood vessels (arterioles only). It causes vasodilation. It is used for Angina pectoris, Hypertension, and Migraine Headaches.

Question 9

Verapamil (Calan) - What does it do, and what is it used for?

Answer 9

It blocks Calcium in blood vessels and heart. It is used for Angina Pectoris, Essential Hypertension, and Cardiac Dysrhythmias.

Question 10

What are the 5 effects of Verapamil (Calan)?

Answer 10

1. Blockade at peripheral arterioles to cause dilation and reduce arteriole pressure.
2. Blockade at arteries and arterioles of the heart increases coronary perfusion.
3. Blockade at SA node reduces heart rate.
4. Blockade at AV node conduction.
5. Blockade of myocardium decreases for of contraction.

Question 11

What are the side effects of Verapamil? (7)

Answer 11

Constipation, Dizziness, Facial Flushing, Headache, Edema of Ankles, Gingival hyperplasia (overgrowth of gum tissue), and heart block.

Question 12

Are Calcium Channel Blockers safe? Why or why not?

Answer 12

Well…there is an increased risk of mortaility in patients with myocardial infarction and unstable angina and hypertension. These are to be used with great caution!