Pharmacology - Chapter 39 - Drug Abuse - Depressants/Stimulants

Question 1

CNS Depressants used for Abuse -

Answer 1

Barbiturates -

Question 2

Barbiturates with highest potential for abuse have a ___ to ___ duration of action.

Answer 2

Short to intermediate.

Question 3

How to treat withdrawal from CNS Depressants?

Answer 3

Phenobarbital - because it has a long 1/2 life - helps withdrawal from short acting barbiturates.

Question 4

What are stimulants?

Answer 4

Drugs that increases alertness, heighten arousal, and cause behavioral excitement.

Question 5

What are the two forms of stimulants? (Illicit + Legal.)

Answer 5

Illicit - Cocaine and Amphetamines

Legal - Nicotine & Caffeine.

Question 6

Cocaine - extracted from the leaves of the …

Answer 6

Erythroxylon Coca plant.

Question 7

How does one administer cocaine?

Answer 7

Snorting, Injecting, Smoking

Question 8

Cocaine blocks reuptake for…

Answer 8

Dopamine, NE, Serotonin.

Question 9

Cocaine also blocks axonal voltage-gated channels (local anesthetic properties.) T/F?

Answer 9

True!

Question 10

Cocaine Hydrochoride - ____

Cocaine - Crack - ____

Answer 10

Powder/Crystals.

Question 11

Cocaine - mild overdose - what happens?

Answer 11

Agitation, tremors, blurred vision.

Question 12

Cocaine - severe overdose. Treatment is (easy or difficult?) - causes ??

Answer 12

Treatment is difficult. It includes (symptoms) - hyperpyrexia, convulsions, ventricular dysrhythmias, hemorrhagic stroke.

Question 13

Amphetamines - what are they?

Answer 13

Ice or Crystal Meth

Question 14

Amphetamines - Ice/CM - administered how?

Answer 14

IV or Orally.

Question 15

Amphetamines - cause…

Answer 15

sense of increased physical strength and mental capacity, feel little or no need for food and sleep, and orgasm is delayed, intensified, and more pleasurable.

Question 16

Amphetamines produce a ___ state.

Answer 16

Psychotic.

Question 17

Amphetamines - excessive stimulation of ___.

Answer 17

Heart.

Question 18

How are amphetamines administered?

Answer 18

Orally, Nasally, IV, etc.

Question 19

Amphetamine - a weak acid. T/F?

Answer 19

False - it is a weak BASE!

Question 20

Amphetamines - increase the release of ..

Answer 20

Catecholamines (DA, NE)

Question 21

Amphetamines - High Doses - inhibition of …

Answer 21

MAO.

Question 22

Amphetamines - Low Doses - inhibition of…

Answer 22

Dopamine Uptake.

Question 23

MAO inactivates neurotransmitters - T/F?

Answer 23

True!

Question 24

Chronic Amphetamine use - what happens?

Answer 24

Sterotyped behaviors - like weird limb movement, continuous chewing of the lip, etc.
Punding - persistent playing with small objects.

Question 25

Long term amphetamine usage can cause …

Answer 25

psychosis.

Question 26

Symptoms of Amphetamine overdose -

Answer 26

tachycardia, hypertension, and seizures, hypotension and coma (later.)

Question 27

Chronic amphetamine use - sensitization -

Answer 27

involves enhanced dopaminergic transmission in the nucleus accumbens that is mediated both pre/post synaptically.