Pharmacology - Chapter 50 - Drugs for Angina Pectoris Flashcards
Angina Pectoris - what is it?
Sudden pain beneath the sternum often radiating to left shoulder and arm.
Angina Pectoris - caused when…
oxygen demand is greater than oxygen supply.
Angina is a disease - T/F?
False - it is a symptom of a disease!
What are the therapy objectives for Angina?
Prevent Myocardial Infarction and death and prevent myocardial ischemia and pain.
What are the factors that contribute to oxygen demand?
Heart rate, myocardial infarction, intra-myocardial wall tension. .
What are the factors that contribute to Oxygen supply?
Myocardial blood flow/coronary vessels.
Under normal conditions, almost all oxygen is removed from coronary arterioles by heart. T/F?
True
When oxygen demand increases, coronary arterioles….
dilate to increase flow.
Myocardial coronary flow occurs only during….
diastole, since the vessels are squeezed shut when heart contracts.
What are the three types of Angina Pectoris?
- Chronic stable angina (Exertional.)
- Variant Angina (Prinzmetal’s)
- Unstable Angina
Chronic Stable Angina (Exertional Angina) - CAD - triggered by…
increase in physical activity, emotional excitement, large meals, and cold exposure.
What is the treatment for Chronic Stable Angina?
Organic Nitrates, Beta Blockers, Ca++ channel blockers, antiplatelete drugs.
Variant Angina - caused by…
artery spasm.
What are the drugs to treat Variant Angina ?
Ca ++ channel blockers, organic nitrates.
Severe Coronary Artery Disease - due to…
vasospasm, platelet aggregation, transient coronary thrombi/emboli.
What is the treatment for severe CAD? (non-drug.)
Maintain oxygen supply, decrease oxygen demand.
What is the drug therapy treatment for Severe CAD?
Anticoagulants, Nitrates, Beta Blockers, Calcium Channel Blockers, Morphine.
Nitrates - relieve angina by causing ___.
Vasodilation.
Beta Blockers - provide sustained protection against ….
effort induced angina.
Beta Blocker - therapeutic effect comes from ___ of beta receptors in heart.
Blockage.
Calcium Channel Blockers (Verapamil) - result in…
arteriole dilation. It treats both stable and variable angina.
What are the surgeries to help angina?
CABG and MIDCAB and PTCA! CABG - Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery and MIDCAB - Minimally Invasive Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery, and PTCA - Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty
