Pharm - Autonomic Sympathetic drugs 2 Flashcards
Clonidine
Sketchy: 2-claw weapon
MOA:
Alpha-2 agonist (sympatholytic)
Effects:
Inhibition of sympathetic tone - reduced BP
Uses:
Hypertensive emergency
ADHD (distracting mirror)
Tourette (puppet)
Adverse Effects: CNS depression Bradycardia Hypotension Respiratory depression Miosis
Alpha-Methyldopa
Sketchy: alpha-shaped dope rope
MOA:
Alpha-2 agonist (sympatholytic)
Effects:
Inhibition of sympathetic tone - reduced BP
Uses:
Gestational HTN
Adverse effects:
Direct Coombs + hemolysis
SLE-like syndrome
Phenoxybenzamine
Sketchy: irreversible phoenix tattoo
MOA:
Non-selective alpha blocker (irreversible)
Uses:
- Pheochromocytoma (use pre-operatively)
- Cocaine toxicity
Adverse Effects:
Orthostatic hypotension
Reflex tachycardia
Phentolamine
Sketchy: phantom
MOA:
Non-selective alpha blocker (reversible)
Uses:
-Hypertensive crisis caused by tyramine toxicity with MAO inhibitors
Adverse effects:
Orthostatic hypotension
Reflex tachycardia
(“-osin”) Prazosin, Terazosin, Doxazosin, Tamsulosin
Sketchy: Opera SINger
MOA:
Alpha-1 antagonist
Effects:
Vasodilation
Relaxation of smooth muscle of urethra and prostate
Uses:
Urinary sx of BPH
PTSD (Prazosin)
Hypertension
Adverse effects:
1st dose orthostatic hypotension, dizziness, HA
Mirtazapine
Sketchy: Mirth and Misery masks
MOA:
Alpha-2 antagonist (enhances the release of NE and 5HT)
Uses:
Depression
Adverse effects:
Sedation
Increased serum cholesterol
Increased appetite
Atenolol, Betaxolol, Esmolol, Acebutolol, Metoprolol
Sketchy: A-BEAM spotlight in Brahm’s LOLlaby
MOA:
Beta-1 selective antagonist (B1 selective go from A-M)
Effects:
Decreased HR and contractility
Decreased AV conduction
Decreased cardiac output
Uses: Angina MI SVT (metoprolol, esmolol) HTN Heart failure
Adverse effects:
Bradycardia
Heart block
Carvedilol
Sketchy: carved candleholder
MOA:
Non-selective beta antagonist with additional alpha-1 blocking effects (non-selective antagonists have modified -olol suffix)
Uses:
Chronic heart failure
+ all B1-blocker actions
Labetalol
Sketchy: alpha and beta organ with extinguished candle
MOA:
Non-selective beta antagonist with additional alpha-1 blocking effects (non-selective antagonists have modified -olol suffix)
Uses:
- All B1-blocker actions
- Hypertensive emergency (due to a1 antagonism - vasodilation)
- HTN in pregnancy
- Acute aortic dissection
Timolol
Sketchy: draining of the muted beta-2 eyeball tuba
MOA:
Non-selective beta antagonist
Uses:
Glaucoma (via B2 antagonism)
Acebutolol
Sketchy: agonizing plastic bugle in the audience
MOA:
Selective beta-1 antagonist with partial agonist activity (part of A-BEAM)
Not recommended in heart failure
Pindolol
Sketchy: agonizing pin in the audience
MOA:
Non-selective beta blocker with partial agonist activity
Not recommended in heart failure
