Nutrigenomics and Detox - Neurotransmitters Flashcards
What is the role of MTHFR in neurotransmitter synthesis?
MTHFR is essential for the use of 5-MTHF in the biopterin cycle, which synthesizes neurotransmitters such as serotonin, dopamine, and adrenaline.
What is the function of catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT)?
The enzyme COMT is SAMe-dependent and helps break down catecholamines (dopamine, adrenaline, and noradrenaline). COMT also converts active estrogen to a less active form.
What is the impact of the COMT SNP rs4680 on enzyme activity?
SNP rs4680: The A allele decreases COMT enzyme activity. AA genotype results in high catecholamine levels (dopamine, norepinephrine), which can increase estrogen and breast cancer risks. GG genotype leads to fast metabolism of catecholamines.
What recommendations can support SAMe production related to COMT?
Recommendations include consuming foods rich in choline, betaine, and folate B12 to support SAMe production, and avoiding exogenous estrogens from sources like plastics, dairy, and antiperspirants.
What is the role of eNOS in the urea cycle?
eNOS is responsible for generating nitric oxide from arginine, which plays a key role as a vasodilator. The urea cycle (involving eNOS) regulates nitric oxide production.
What is the impact of the SNP rs1799983 on eNOS activity?
SNP rs1799983: The T allele is associated with decreased eNOS activity and decreased nitric oxide levels, which is linked to slower ammonia detoxification, increased free radicals, and a higher risk of cardiovascular disease.
What recommendations can support nitric oxide production?
Recommendations include increasing antioxidants through a rainbow diet, moderating the intake of ammonia-producing foods (decreasing animal protein), and supporting nitric oxide production with L-arginine and beetroot juice.
