Movement & Balance Flashcards
When does movement occur?
- unequal/unbalanced forces
- inertia is overcome
How does movement occur?
- muscles produce force by creating tension applied to bones which move at joints
OR - as a result of an external force like gravity or another person (to assist or resist a movement)
What is motor control?
the ability to regulate or direct mechanisms essential to movement.
What 3 factors impact motor control?
Individual
Task
Environment
What are examples of how task impacts movement?
- stability
- complexity of task
- attention or cognition required
What are examples of how individual impacts movement?
- joint range
- muscle strength
- coordination
- perception
- sensation
- cognition
- previous experience
What are examples of how environment impacts movement?
- surface type
- noise and distraction
- temperature
- lighting
- size, shape, height, weight of objects involved
Dynamic systems model
accounts for the interaction between individual, task and environment
What 2 things are vital to movement?
- sensory/afferent systems - info into the brain
- muscular/efferent response - info away from the brain (usually to the muscles)
What 4 sensory systems are involved in motor control?
- vision
- proprioception
- sensation
- vestibular (inner ear)
What are motor control and postural control vital for?
- balance
- coordination
What 3 systems are motor control and postural control essential for at an individual level?
- Active (muscles)
- Passive (joints)
- Neural (nerves/brain)
What is postural control?
the element of motor control that controls our balance and posture
To move effectively, what do we need to be able to do?
- recover from instability
- anticipate and move in ways to prevent instability
Postural control includes the mechanisms the body uses to be what?
- stable
- orientated (relationship between body parts and relationship between body, task and environment)
