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Physiotherapy > Shoulder > Flashcards

Shoulder Flashcards

1
Q

What are the (4) joints of the pectoral girdle?

A
  • Acromioclavicular
  • Sternoclavicular
  • Glenohumeral
  • Scapulothoracic articulation
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2
Q

What type of joint is a sternoclavicular joint?

A

sellar, synovial joint

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3
Q

What movements are available at the sternoclavicular joint?

A
  • Elevation
  • Depression
  • Protraction
  • Retraction
  • Axial Rotation
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4
Q

What is the function of the intra-articular disk in the sternoclavicular joint?

A
  • Shock absorber
  • Improves congruity
  • Prevents clavicle moving upwards/medially sloping clavicular notch
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5
Q

What are (4) ligaments in the sternoclavicular joint?

A
  • Anterior sternoclavicular
  • Posterior sternoclavicular
  • Interclavicular (Superior)
  • Costoclavicular
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6
Q

What type of joint is an acromioclavicular joint?

A

Plane synovial joint

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7
Q

What is the nerve supply in the acromioclavicular joint?

A

suprascapular and lateral pectoral nerves

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8
Q

What is the blood supply in the acromioclavicular joint?

A

suprascapular artery

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9
Q

What are (3) ligaments in the acromioclavicular joint?

A
  • Acromioclavicular ligament
  • Coracoclavicular ligament - Trapezoid part
  • Coracoclavicular ligament - Conoid part
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10
Q

What are the movements available at the scapulothoracic articulation?

A
  • Elevation
  • Depression
  • Protraction
  • Retraction
  • Medial (downward) rotation
  • Lateral (upward) rotation
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11
Q

What muscles act on the scapula during lateral rotation?

A

Trapezius (superior part)
Serratus anterior

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12
Q

What muscles act on the scapula during elevation?

A

Levator scapulae
Trapezius (superior part)
Rhomboideus major
Rhomboideus minor

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13
Q

What muscles act on the scapula during medial rotation?

A

Levator scapulae
Rhomboideus major
Rhomboideus minor

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14
Q

What muscles act on the scapula during depression?

A

Trapezius (inferior part)
Serratus anterior

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15
Q

What muscles act on the scapula during retraction?

A

Rhomboideus major
Rhomboideus minor
Trapezius

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16
Q

What muscles act on the scapula during protraction?

A

Pectoralis minor
Serratus anterior

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17
Q

What type of joint is a glenohumeral joint?

A

Synovial ball and socket joint

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18
Q

What movements are available at the glenohumeral joint?

A
  • Flexion
  • Extension
  • Abduction
  • Adduction
  • Medial rotation
  • Lateral rotation
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19
Q

What movements are available at the shoulder girdle?

A
  • Elevation
  • Depression
  • Protraction
  • Retraction
  • Rotation
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20
Q

What are the (4) muscles of the rotator cuff?

A
  • Supraspinatus
  • Infraspinatus
  • Teres minor
  • Subscapularis
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21
Q

Where does the Supraspinatus attach from and to?

A

From Supraspinous fossa
To greater tuberosity

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22
Q

What movement does the supraspinatus generate?

A

Abduction

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23
Q

Where does the Infraspinatus attach from and to?

A

From Infraspinous fossa
To greater tuberosity

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24
Q

What movement does the Infraspinatus generate?

A

External rotation

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25
Q

What movement does the Teres minor generate?

A

External rotation

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26
Q

What movement does the Subscapularis generate?

A

Internally rotates

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27
Q

Where does the Teres minor attach from and to?

A

From lateral border of scapula
To greater tuberosity

28
Q

Where does the Subscapularis attach from and to?

A

From subscapular fossa
To lesser tuberosity

29
Q

What are the muscles of the shoulder girdle?

A
  • Trapezius
  • Serratus anterior
  • Levator scapulae
  • Rhomboid major
  • Rhomboid minor
  • Pectoralis minor
30
Q

What are the muscles of the shoulder?

A
  • Deltoid
  • Latissimus dorsi
  • Teres major
  • Pectoralis major
31
Q

What movement do deltoids generate?

A

Whole abducts
Anterior:
- Flexes
- Medially rotates and adducts
Middle abducts
Posterior:
- Extends
- Adducts
- Laterally rotates

32
Q

What movement do latissimus dorsi generate?

A
  • Adducts
  • Extends
  • Medially rotates
33
Q

What movement does Teres major generate?

A
  • Adducts
  • Medially rotates
34
Q

What movement do Pectoralis major generate?

A

Whole adducts and internally rotates

35
Q

What nerves does the glenohumeral joint have?

A
  • Axillary
  • Suprascapular
  • Lateral pectoral
36
Q

What blood supply does the glenohumeral joint have?

A
  • Anterior circumflex arteries
  • Posterior circumflex arteries
37
Q

What nerves does the acromioclavicular joint have?

A
  • Suprascapular
  • Lateral pectoral
38
Q

What blood supply does the acromioclavicular joint have?

A
  • Suprascapular
  • Thoraco-acromial arteries
39
Q

What nerves does the sternoclavicular joint have?

A
  • Medial supraclavicular
  • Nerve to Subclavius
40
Q

What blood supply does the sternoclavicular joint have?

A
  • Internal thoracic
  • Suprascapular arteries
41
Q

What forms the pectoral girdle?

A

formed by the clavicle and scapula

42
Q

What are the (4) joints of the pectoral girdle?

A
  • Sternoclavicular
  • Acromioclavicular
  • Glenohumeral
  • Scapulothoracic
43
Q

What (2) ligaments strengthen the joint capsule of the sternoclavicular joint?

A
  • Sternoclavicular ligament
  • Interclavicular ligament
44
Q

Which ligament in the sternoclavicular joint binds the clavicle to the first costal cartilage (just lateral to the joint)?

A

costoclavicular ligament

45
Q

Which ligament in the sternoclavicular joint assists in limiting elevation of the clavicle?

A

costoclavicular ligament

46
Q

What type of joint in an acromioclavicular joint (ACJ)?

A

plane synovial joint

47
Q

Which ligament anchors the lateral end of the clavicle to the coracoid process (acromioclavicular joint)?

A

coracoclavicular ligament

48
Q

What type of joint is a glenohumeral joint?

A

synovial ball & socket joint

49
Q

What are the (3) glenohumeral ligaments?

A
  • Superior Glenohumeral Ligament
  • Middle Glenohumeral Ligament
  • Inferior Glenohumeral Ligament
50
Q

Which ligament bridges the gap between the greater and lesser tubercles?

A

transverse humeral ligament

51
Q

Describe the coracohumeral ligament attachments.

A

arising from the lateral border of the coracoid process, attaches to the upper part of the anatomical neck in the region of the greater and lesser tubercles

52
Q

Describe how the coracoacromial ligament forms?

A

forms with the coracoid and acromion processes a fibro-osseous arch above the head of the humerus

53
Q

What are the attachments of the supraspinatus muscle?

A

attaches from the supraspinous fossa to the greater tuberosity

54
Q

What movement is generated by the supraspinatus muscle?

A

abducts

55
Q

What are the attachments of the infraspinatus?

A

attaches from the infraspinous fossa to the greater tuberosity

56
Q

What movement is generated by the infraspinatus?

A

laterally rotates

57
Q

What are the attachments of the teres minor?

A

attaches from the lateral border of the scapula to the greater tuberosity

58
Q

What movement is generated by the teres minor?

A

laterally rotates

59
Q

What are the attachments of the subscapularis?

A

attaches from the subscapular fossa to the lesser tuberosity

60
Q

What movement is generated by the subscapularis?

A

medially rotates

61
Q

What is the nerve supply to the Glenohumeral joint?

A
  • axillary
  • suprascapular
  • lateral pectoral
62
Q

What is the blood supply to the Glenohumeral joint?

A

anterior + posterior circumflex arteries

63
Q

What is the nerve supply to the acromioclavicular joint?

A
  • suprascapular
  • lateral pectoral
64
Q

What is the blood supply to the acromioclavicular joint?

A
  • suprascapular
  • thoraco-acromial
65
Q

What is the nerve supply to the sternoclavicular joint?

A
  • medial supraclavicular
  • nerve to subclavius
66
Q

What is the blood supply to the sternoclavicular joint?

A
  • internal thoracic
  • suprascapular
67
Q

What are some common shoulder pathologies/injuries?

A
  • Broken/Fractured Humerus
  • Frozen Shoulder
  • Dislocation
  • Acromioclavicular Joint Rupture
  • Rotator cuff injury

Physiotherapy (44 decks)

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