Shoulder Flashcards
What are the (4) joints of the pectoral girdle?
- Acromioclavicular
- Sternoclavicular
- Glenohumeral
- Scapulothoracic articulation
What type of joint is a sternoclavicular joint?
sellar, synovial joint
What movements are available at the sternoclavicular joint?
- Elevation
- Depression
- Protraction
- Retraction
- Axial Rotation
What is the function of the intra-articular disk in the sternoclavicular joint?
- Shock absorber
- Improves congruity
- Prevents clavicle moving upwards/medially sloping clavicular notch
What are (4) ligaments in the sternoclavicular joint?
- Anterior sternoclavicular
- Posterior sternoclavicular
- Interclavicular (Superior)
- Costoclavicular
What type of joint is an acromioclavicular joint?
Plane synovial joint
What is the nerve supply in the acromioclavicular joint?
suprascapular and lateral pectoral nerves
What is the blood supply in the acromioclavicular joint?
suprascapular artery
What are (3) ligaments in the acromioclavicular joint?
- Acromioclavicular ligament
- Coracoclavicular ligament - Trapezoid part
- Coracoclavicular ligament - Conoid part
What are the movements available at the scapulothoracic articulation?
- Elevation
- Depression
- Protraction
- Retraction
- Medial (downward) rotation
- Lateral (upward) rotation
What muscles act on the scapula during lateral rotation?
Trapezius (superior part)
Serratus anterior
What muscles act on the scapula during elevation?
Levator scapulae
Trapezius (superior part)
Rhomboideus major
Rhomboideus minor
What muscles act on the scapula during medial rotation?
Levator scapulae
Rhomboideus major
Rhomboideus minor
What muscles act on the scapula during depression?
Trapezius (inferior part)
Serratus anterior
What muscles act on the scapula during retraction?
Rhomboideus major
Rhomboideus minor
Trapezius
What muscles act on the scapula during protraction?
Pectoralis minor
Serratus anterior
What type of joint is a glenohumeral joint?
Synovial ball and socket joint
What movements are available at the glenohumeral joint?
- Flexion
- Extension
- Abduction
- Adduction
- Medial rotation
- Lateral rotation
What movements are available at the shoulder girdle?
- Elevation
- Depression
- Protraction
- Retraction
- Rotation
What are the (4) muscles of the rotator cuff?
- Supraspinatus
- Infraspinatus
- Teres minor
- Subscapularis
Where does the Supraspinatus attach from and to?
From Supraspinous fossa
To greater tuberosity
What movement does the supraspinatus generate?
Abduction
Where does the Infraspinatus attach from and to?
From Infraspinous fossa
To greater tuberosity
What movement does the Infraspinatus generate?
External rotation
What movement does the Teres minor generate?
External rotation
What movement does the Subscapularis generate?
Internally rotates
Where does the Teres minor attach from and to?
From lateral border of scapula
To greater tuberosity
Where does the Subscapularis attach from and to?
From subscapular fossa
To lesser tuberosity
What are the muscles of the shoulder girdle?
- Trapezius
- Serratus anterior
- Levator scapulae
- Rhomboid major
- Rhomboid minor
- Pectoralis minor
What are the muscles of the shoulder?
- Deltoid
- Latissimus dorsi
- Teres major
- Pectoralis major
What movement do deltoids generate?
Whole abducts
Anterior:
- Flexes
- Medially rotates and adducts
Middle abducts
Posterior:
- Extends
- Adducts
- Laterally rotates
What movement do latissimus dorsi generate?
- Adducts
- Extends
- Medially rotates
What movement does Teres major generate?
- Adducts
- Medially rotates
What movement do Pectoralis major generate?
Whole adducts and internally rotates
What nerves does the glenohumeral joint have?
- Axillary
- Suprascapular
- Lateral pectoral
What blood supply does the glenohumeral joint have?
- Anterior circumflex arteries
- Posterior circumflex arteries
What nerves does the acromioclavicular joint have?
- Suprascapular
- Lateral pectoral
What blood supply does the acromioclavicular joint have?
- Suprascapular
- Thoraco-acromial arteries
What nerves does the sternoclavicular joint have?
- Medial supraclavicular
- Nerve to Subclavius
What blood supply does the sternoclavicular joint have?
- Internal thoracic
- Suprascapular arteries
What forms the pectoral girdle?
formed by the clavicle and scapula
What are the (4) joints of the pectoral girdle?
- Sternoclavicular
- Acromioclavicular
- Glenohumeral
- Scapulothoracic
What (2) ligaments strengthen the joint capsule of the sternoclavicular joint?
- Sternoclavicular ligament
- Interclavicular ligament
Which ligament in the sternoclavicular joint binds the clavicle to the first costal cartilage (just lateral to the joint)?
costoclavicular ligament
Which ligament in the sternoclavicular joint assists in limiting elevation of the clavicle?
costoclavicular ligament
What type of joint in an acromioclavicular joint (ACJ)?
plane synovial joint
Which ligament anchors the lateral end of the clavicle to the coracoid process (acromioclavicular joint)?
coracoclavicular ligament
What type of joint is a glenohumeral joint?
synovial ball & socket joint
What are the (3) glenohumeral ligaments?
- Superior Glenohumeral Ligament
- Middle Glenohumeral Ligament
- Inferior Glenohumeral Ligament
Which ligament bridges the gap between the greater and lesser tubercles?
transverse humeral ligament
Describe the coracohumeral ligament attachments.
arising from the lateral border of the coracoid process, attaches to the upper part of the anatomical neck in the region of the greater and lesser tubercles
Describe how the coracoacromial ligament forms?
forms with the coracoid and acromion processes a fibro-osseous arch above the head of the humerus
What are the attachments of the supraspinatus muscle?
attaches from the supraspinous fossa to the greater tuberosity
What movement is generated by the supraspinatus muscle?
abducts
What are the attachments of the infraspinatus?
attaches from the infraspinous fossa to the greater tuberosity
What movement is generated by the infraspinatus?
laterally rotates
What are the attachments of the teres minor?
attaches from the lateral border of the scapula to the greater tuberosity
What movement is generated by the teres minor?
laterally rotates
What are the attachments of the subscapularis?
attaches from the subscapular fossa to the lesser tuberosity
What movement is generated by the subscapularis?
medially rotates
What is the nerve supply to the Glenohumeral joint?
- axillary
- suprascapular
- lateral pectoral
What is the blood supply to the Glenohumeral joint?
anterior + posterior circumflex arteries
What is the nerve supply to the acromioclavicular joint?
- suprascapular
- lateral pectoral
What is the blood supply to the acromioclavicular joint?
- suprascapular
- thoraco-acromial
What is the nerve supply to the sternoclavicular joint?
- medial supraclavicular
- nerve to subclavius
What is the blood supply to the sternoclavicular joint?
- internal thoracic
- suprascapular
