Module 8-rice processing and products Flashcards
what is the main product derived from cultivated rice
Whole kernel milled rice is the main product derived from cultivated rice
what form is rice harvested in
Rice is harvested with the hull intact, as paddy or rough rice
how is the hull removed
The hull is readily removed by abrasion milling, yielding brown rice
what happens to brown rice when the hull is removed
Most of the brown rice is then milled and polished using abrasion milling technology, yielding white or polished rice
what is the desired end product of rice milling
The intact, polished, starchy endosperm, with the bran and germ removed, is the desired end product of rice milling
what is the negative impacts of rice polishing
The negative nutritional impacts of rice polishing may be partially offset by conversion, or parboiling before milling; parboiling drives the water soluble nutrients from the hull, bran and germ into the starchy endosperm, where they are largely retained after polishing. Conversion also hardens the surface of the starchy endosperm, improving milling yields, but imparts a yellowish hue to the polished product, which is considered undesirable
what is the diffrence between bron and white rice
the amount its been prosessed
Brown rice is rice with just the hull removed and has the outer layer or bran
white rice is rice thats has it hull and bran polished off
when white rice has been polished hull much of the vitamins and minerals have been removed in the bran
60-90 precent
what is considered a rice by-product
Rice milling by-products include broken rice, rice bran and rice germ
how is broken rice by-product defined
Broken rice is defined as kernels that are 25 percent or less of the original length of the grain
how many percent of rice that enters processing will become broken rice
two to three percent of rice entering the mill will become broken rice by the end of processing
what happens to broken grained rice
Most broken rice is mixed with whole grains and sold as a low-grade food product or is used to produce rice flour, starch or alcohol Broken rice can also be used in pet foods and livestock feeds
what is the nutritional value of rice bran
Rice bran has a fat content of 20 to 25 percent; rice bran oil, extracted from the rice bran and the rice germ, is a rich source of fat, several B vitamins, vitamin E, and phosphorus
what enzymes does rice bran contain and what does it do
Raw rice bran contains a lipase enzyme that breaks down fat as soon as the bran is separated from the rice kernel
why does rice bran have to become stabilized and how is it done
Rice bran must be stabilized to prevent it becoming rancid; stabilization by heating or extrusion within minutes of milling inactivates the lipase without destroying the nutritional value of the rice bran
what is stabilized rice bran oil used for
Stabilized rice bran oil is sold as a health supplement for humans and horses and stabilized rice bran may be incorporated into poultry feeds
what is the nutritional value of stabilized bran
The processed and stabilized bran is 15 to 18 percent protein, 14 to 18 percent oil and 30 to 40 percent digestible carbohydrates.
what can rice be wet-milled to do
Rice can be wet-milled to produce rice flour that is used in the making of rice noodles and egg roll wrappers
what are something rice can be turned into
Rice is used in the creation of rice beers and lagers and wine like beverages, saki (Japan) and wang-tsui (China), it is also used to make a rice milk for people who are lactose intolerant or those who desire an alternative to dairy milk
what can cooked brown rice be turned into
Cooked brown rice is treated with enzymes that break down the starch to create rice syrup, an alternative sweetener.
what can fermented rice be used to make
Fermented rice is used to make rice vinegar, a sweet specialty vinegar that adds a flavourful touch to cooked foods
what is puffed rice
We are all familiar with puffed rice products made from heating rice grains in a high pressure steamer. Puffed rice products include Rice Krispies and puffed rice cakes.
what is done in japan rice production to alleviate reliance on imported corn
In Japan where rice production is greater than demand, subsidies are paid to farmers to grow rice for livestock feed and alleviate reliance on imported corn
