Module 8-rice processing and products Flashcards
what is the main product derived from cultivated rice
Whole kernel milled rice is the main product derived from cultivated rice
what form is rice harvested in
Rice is harvested with the hull intact, as paddy or rough rice
how is the hull removed
The hull is readily removed by abrasion milling, yielding brown rice
what happens to brown rice when the hull is removed
Most of the brown rice is then milled and polished using abrasion milling technology, yielding white or polished rice
what is the desired end product of rice milling
The intact, polished, starchy endosperm, with the bran and germ removed, is the desired end product of rice milling
what is the negative impacts of rice polishing
The negative nutritional impacts of rice polishing may be partially offset by conversion, or parboiling before milling; parboiling drives the water soluble nutrients from the hull, bran and germ into the starchy endosperm, where they are largely retained after polishing. Conversion also hardens the surface of the starchy endosperm, improving milling yields, but imparts a yellowish hue to the polished product, which is considered undesirable
what is the diffrence between bron and white rice
the amount its been prosessed
Brown rice is rice with just the hull removed and has the outer layer or bran
white rice is rice thats has it hull and bran polished off
when white rice has been polished hull much of the vitamins and minerals have been removed in the bran
60-90 precent
what is considered a rice by-product
Rice milling by-products include broken rice, rice bran and rice germ
how is broken rice by-product defined
Broken rice is defined as kernels that are 25 percent or less of the original length of the grain
how many percent of rice that enters processing will become broken rice
two to three percent of rice entering the mill will become broken rice by the end of processing
what happens to broken grained rice
Most broken rice is mixed with whole grains and sold as a low-grade food product or is used to produce rice flour, starch or alcohol Broken rice can also be used in pet foods and livestock feeds
what is the nutritional value of rice bran
Rice bran has a fat content of 20 to 25 percent; rice bran oil, extracted from the rice bran and the rice germ, is a rich source of fat, several B vitamins, vitamin E, and phosphorus
what enzymes does rice bran contain and what does it do
Raw rice bran contains a lipase enzyme that breaks down fat as soon as the bran is separated from the rice kernel
why does rice bran have to become stabilized and how is it done
Rice bran must be stabilized to prevent it becoming rancid; stabilization by heating or extrusion within minutes of milling inactivates the lipase without destroying the nutritional value of the rice bran
