module 4-poultry production Flashcards
how does the Canadian poultry industry operate
a supply-managed system with producers purchasing “Quota” for poultry meat or eggs
when was the supply-managed system introduced in Canada
1972
what is the purpose of the supply-managed system
stabilizes the price for producers and consumers and ensures supply for processors
what is included in the poultry supply management in Canada
supply of eggs, broiler chickens, and turkeys
how popular is chicken meat for consumption
it is the most popular meat sold in Canada
per capita how much has the demand for poultry risen in the last twenty years
by 50%
what are the top 3 poultry producing provences
1) Ontario 2) Quebec 3) BC
what size are chicken operations usually
they are usually larger-scale operations
whats the average amount of chicken a farm will produce
In 2018, the average chicken farm produced over 435,000 kg of eviscerated chicken meat
what was the total weight of chickens produced
the total Canadian production for the year was 1.3 billion kg. In addition to exporting 123.5 million kg of chicken meat, Canada exported 5.7 million chicks in 2018.
how many registered egg farms are in Canada
In 2017, there were 1,059 registered egg farms in Canada
where does the egg quota go
The majority of the federal egg quota is allocated to Ontario with 41.1% of the national egg quota. Quebec with 17% of the national quota. The combined quota of the western provinces and the North West territories is 31.5% of the national total with most of this quota going to British Columbia. The Atlantic provinces have 11% of the national egg quota.
does the Canadian poultry trade do much international trade
Canadian poultry industry engages in relatively little international trade. Overall, Canada is a net importer of poultry with net trade deficits in live birds, meat, and eggs
what are the two sections of the poultry industry
the broiler sector producing birds for meat and the egg sector producing eggs. The two sectors are under different supply management regulations and the quota is designated as broiler or egg quota.
what was the discovery they made the poultry revolution
discovered that newly identified feed supplements with vitamins (particularly vitamin D) and minerals could be used to feed chickens indoors over the winter months; thus began the modern poultry production revolution.
when was the poultry revolution
1923
what was it like to raise and get chickens before the revolution
chicks obtained in the spring were grown over the summer season and butchered for meat in the fall; only breeding stock was overwintered. Most chickens were raised outdoors during the warmer summer months surviving on what they could forage which was supplemented with occasional kitchen scraps, waste products and grain. They may have had access to the livestock barns or a coop where they could shelter overnight. The chickens had a low rate of survival with mortality running at forty percent. During that time, chicken meat and eggs were considered delicacies
what was the mortality rate of chickens before the poultry revolution
The chickens had a low rate of survival with mortality running at forty percent
what is the broiler industry comprised of
broiler breeders, hatcheries, grow-out farms, and processing facilities
what are broiler breeders
they select stock used to produce the eggs for the chickens that will become broilers
what is the production cycle of a broiler breeder and how many eggs do they produce per hen
35 to 40-week production cycle and 145 to 150 eggs/hen
what is the hatchery portion of the broiler industry
fertilized eggs are incubated for about 21 days until they hatch to become broiler chicks
when are hatchlings move out of the hatchery
within 48 hours
what is the grow-out portion of the broiler industry
recently hatched chicks are fed and managed in large indoor facilities until they are ready for slaughter
