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Lit. Final Review Flashcards

1
Q

comic relief

A

the inclusion of a humorous character, scene or witty dialogue in an otherwise serious work, often to relieve tension

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2
Q

restoration of order

A

when the order of poem is returned by the end

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3
Q

organic imagery

A

internal sensation: hunger, thirst, fatigue, fear

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4
Q

epic

A

a long narrative poem in formal style and it tells the deads of a hero who is important in terms of the tribe, the nation, and in this case the world

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5
Q

blank verse

A

unrhymed iambic pentameter

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6
Q

parody

A

the parody is an imitation of a literary form that exaggerates and tries to make fun of something. The Parody is the holy trinity of the father, the son, and the holy spirit, and so then Satan, Sin, and Death

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7
Q

tragedy

A

A realistic sad ending story, where everyone dies

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8
Q

exeunt

A

used as a stage direction in a printed play to indicate that a group of characters leave the stage.

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9
Q

manent

A

remain on stage

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10
Q

aside

A

when the person is talking to the audience and no other character in the play is listening

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11
Q

soliloquy

A

an act of speaking one’s thoughts aloud when by oneself

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12
Q

in medias res

A

it doesn’t start at the beginning it starts in the middle of things

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13
Q

invocation to the muse

A

It is a call to the muse to help write the poem, in Paradise Lost it is the Holy Spirit

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14
Q

epic simile

A

It is a long like or as, and then comes back with so or such

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15
Q

epithet

A

Name calling such as gray eyed Athena, or offspring of heaven and earth and all of the Earth’s Lord, Adam. And Daughter of god and man, immortal Eve.

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16
Q

argument

A

a summary of the subject matter of a book.

17
Q

prelapsarian

A

before the fall

18
Q

postlapsarian

A

after the fall

19
Q

Hamlet as a tragedy

A 
Sad ending
Individual
Ideal
Absolute
Profound concerns
We identify with the characters
One plot 
Human’s great potential
20
Q

Symbol and imagery in Hamlet: play within the play, ghost, poison, incest, seeming, unweeded garden, sickness, theatre, painting

A 
Manning the battlements
Unweeded garden
Gardeners 
Sickness
Poison
Incest
Rottenness
Yorick’s skull
Animals, adder 3.4.203 (2467), waterfly and chough 5.2.82 and 86 (2493), woodcock 5.2.277 (2497)
Worms, 4.3.20-24 (2470)
Black clothing
Theatre
Clothing, 4.7.76-79 (2481)
Seeming
Play within the play
Painting, 3.1.137-38 (2450), 4.7.106-08 (2482), 5.1.167-69 (2488), 5.2.77-78 (2492)
Ghost
Denmark
Prison, 2.2.234-40 (2439)
Microcosm/macrocosm
Pharaoh’s dream
21
Q

Structure of Hamlet (uses the Freytag Pyramid)

A

Hamlet uses the Freytag Pyramid
The exposition is first, and this is where the conflict and the characters are all introduced
During rising action, the conflict keeps growing as the Ghost appears and asks Hamlet to avenge his murder, and Hamlet feigns madness to his intentions, and stages a play within a play as he tries to murder Claudius but doesnt
The Climax of the story then comes When Hamlet stabs Polonius through the arras in Act III, Scene IV, as he rashly has killed someone and brings himself into unavoidable irreversable conflict with the king, and is then sent to Englad to be killed
During the falling actions, we see Hamlet return to Denmark and confront Leartes at Ophelia’s funeral
The Denoumant happens when the fencing match is rigged with a poisiounous tipped “sword” and poisioned cup and the whole royal family dies, and the tragedy is complete

22
Q

Hamlet’s character

A 
He is thirty years old
He is a prince a royal
He wears black
He is a student at wittenburg
He is in good physical shape
He is very good with words
He is very highly philosophical
He talks about the nature of man and the nature of the universe and he talks about these things
Hamlet is very rash in sudden action
He is very murderous
He is suicidal
He is mad
Gains loyal friends
Misogynistic
Hates women
Quick to act/slow to act
Vengeful
Ambitious
Intelligent
Clever with the player
Cunning
Has a sense of foreboding
23
Q

Laertes and Fortinbras as foils to Hamlet

A

A foil is a minor character who is mostly like the major character but the difference helps us understand the major character better; fortinbras and leartes are in the play and they tell us what Hamlet could’ve done but didn’t do fortinbras and hamlet are both princess and both are very ambitious and both their uncles are kings; fortinbras is at least 30 years old, and he is not vengeful. They are different because he is not out for revenge and does something about it and he goes out to be a conquering hero. Hamlet doesn’t do anything, he is just unhappy and we know that Hamlet is abititous because in ACT V when hamlet is talking to horatio hamlet tell him why Hamlet doesn’t like Claudius, and on pg. 2492 he had killed my king and hoard my mother, and he had wanted to be king, and Hamlet was liked by the people, but Hamlet didn’t do anything about this, compared to Fortinbras
They both want revenge in order to avenge the death of his father, and Leartes bought poison to try and kill Claudius, and hamlet does nothing, and Leartes and a bunch of other men, they march right in to kill him without asking any questions, and so Leartes is then informed that it was hamlet, and so then leartes wants to go about and kill hamlet, and leartes says that he will kill Hamlet even if it was at the church, and Shakespeare put it in there in order to contrast the two. Leartes in no time at all has killed hamlet

24
Q

Rosencrantz and Guildenstern/Polonius/Osric as politicians

A

They represent the corruption of the court, they are all very curropt they must all be suspicious that claudius kiled his own borother, and they are willing to spy on Hamlet no matter what and they have given up their own personality. So one needs to say how curropt the court is and the spying. One must also say what has happened to them, the thing about the weasel, and the clown, and so polonios will just do anything. Rosencratz and Gilderstern are never apart, and so they even die together. Osric, it is a similar situation, where the king says take of your bonnet, and so he tuc of his bot, and so Hamlet sees this as a pretense, and so Osric says its very hot and then Hamlet says it’s very Cold, and so Osric just agrees with everything
All true personality has been lost

25
Q

The state of the world, the absurdity of life, and the nature of man in Hamlet

A

just get the information and the to be or not to be speech
the pains of dispised love, and we would all kill ourselves if we knew what was coming after death
canapy freded of stars, and vapors

26
Q

The content of Hamlet, Act 5, Scene 1

A

Comic relief
The clowns are saying jokes
Ophelia will be buried at the church yard even though there is a question in her death, but she is of such a high rank she will be buried there, instead because she wouldn’t have committed suicide they will not have to bury her there
Gardeners and Adam
They are referring to original sin, and well they are doing what Adam did which was to dig
Hamlet is 30
This is how we know hamlet is 30 years old; line 40 of this scene
Yorick’s skull
Hamlet picks up Yorick’s skull and we over and over get this same scene as Hamlet looks at the skull and is basically talking about human life and how we are all eventually going to die
Painting an inch thick
This is talking about how no matter how much she changes her appereance she will surely die and still look ugly
Alexander (a bung)
He was supposed to be the greatest person and he still died and decayed and so not even he could escape from dying and so Alexander returned to the clay and so then a potter is then turns over the clay into a bung, which is used to stop a bung hole, which is used to drain wine.
Julius Caesar (A wind stopper)
Julius ceaser’s body decayed aswell and returned to the dirt and his body could be part of the mud that could be used to be put in the cracks in the cabins to stop the wind
Ophelia’s burial
Then hamlet discovers that it is Ophelia the one that is being buried, and so then everyone arrives and so the queen then wanted for Ophelia to be Hamlet’s wife
Gertrude hopin Ophelia her daughter-in-law
Hamlet and leartes fighting in the grave
Leartes jumps into the grave to hug her body, then hamlet jumps in there too, but then they start to fight,
“I,/Hamlet the Dane”
He is claiming the one to be the one that he should be the king, he is the rightful one to hold the power of the city
“I loved Ophelia”
hamlet says that he loved Ophelia 40 times more than Leartes over could have loved her.
Hamlet’s three great soliloquies
“O, that this too too sullied fles would melt

27
Q

Paradise Lost as an epic

A

Long
Narrative
Poetry
Elevated/Formal Style
He uses very high style to make it more elevated
Setting is vast
The seeing is Earth, Heaven and hell
Important to tribe/nation/world
It is important to the Christian people of the world, which is most of the world
Deeds of a hero
Most controversial, and the obvious hero is Christ, mentioned in the very first sentence to be the one who will restore us. However, he is not as a much a big poem. Adam could be attempted to be the Hero but he is really not the hero
The romantics state that Satan was the Hero of paradise lost. And it doesn’t make sense as Satan goes around saying that he is sad, and evil, and he keeps going lower and lower
Great deeds of valor
Satan doesn’t do any great deeds of valor, and he doesn’t have any trouble during his deeds, the only one who does this is Christ, and is the traditional hero
Intervention of the supernatural
Told with objectivity
Should be told without choosing sides
In medias res
It starts in the middle of things
Invocation of the muse
It is invocing the holy spiriti which is the muse for this epic
Epic smile
It is a long similie beginning with like or as and then it ends with so or such, and some of Milton’s similes are a whole page long
On page 2576 there is one epic simile in line 163
Epithet
2600-2601, eve speaks to adam, and remembere that epithets is name calling instead of their given name
Eve says to Adam, offspring of heaven and earth and all of the Earth’s lord
Adam calls Eve Daughter of god and man, immortal eve
Digressions
Set speeches
In book two, there is a long formal uninterrupted speech from a character
Which is when the demons are giving their plans to get eve to sin against god, which is what we have in the first 26 lines
Statement of the theme or argument
We have the fall of man and how Christ restored mankind
He is not going to talk about god as a judge, but as a provider for man
Catalogs
It is a list, which we have a list here of the daemons in book one
Flyting/boasting
Satan boasts to the daemons what he can do against God

28
Q

The degeneration of Satan in Paradise Lost

A 
Highest of the angels
Heavenly choir
The fall into sin
He falls into sin when he thinks about rebellion
The birth of Sin
Sin comes from his head, a full grown women, after having the thought of rebellion
Conception of Death
Death is the son of Sin and Satan
In hell
He is not as powerful as he was in Heaven
Cherub
Cormorant
A bird of prey
A member of the herd, lion and tiger
A toad
He wispers into eves ear 
Not recognized
A mist
Returns as a mist over the river to return into the Garden of Eve
A serpent
He is a serpent and is on the lowest, and 
Back in hell again eating ashes
Greeted with hisses
He returns to hell and so they are all
29
Q

The significance of the first twenty-six lines of Paradise Lost

A

The first five lines are prepositional phrases so that it gets very complex, and it is a very famous part, and we have the invocation to the muse (which is the Holy Spirit). This is important as it does what most epics do. It also states the problem, the fall, and the resolution, the coming of Christ, being the subject of Milton’s epic. The Shepherd is Moses, who wrote the first five books of the bible, including Genesis, and on top of the Mount Sinai, and Mount Orab is a big pick with a lot of spurs with a lot of smaller mountains, and Mount Sinai is a part of those smaller ones, Scion is another name for Jerusalem. Scion is the name of one of the mountains that Jerusalem is built on, even though it refers to Heaven.

30
Q

The symbols in the final section of Paradise Lost from Book XII

A 
Descending the hill
Eve waked from dreaming
Lead on
Eve’s love for Adam
Eve’s accepting blame
The promised Seed
The angels in bright array
The brandished sword
Hastening angel
Lingering parents
Down the cliff
East- a new hope and a new beginning 
Dreadful faces/ fiery arms
Tears wiped soon
Place of rest
Providence their guide
Hand in hand
Wandering slow solitary 
 If I go with you, that’s where I’ll go. Eve confesses her guilt and she says she is “unworthy

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