Lesson 5A (Part 4)

Question 1

What are the 5 layers of protection for the kidney’s?

Answer 1

1. Floating ribs
2. Pararenal fat
3. Gerota’s fascia
4. Perirenal fat
5. Renal capsule

Question 2

What is the main protection for the kidney’s?

Answer 2

The ribs

- little bit of fat and skin

Question 3

What is pararenal fat?

Answer 3

Fat directly touching the kidneys

Question 4

What is perirenal fat?

Answer 4

Fat that is not directly touching the kindey’s but is surrounding them

Question 5

Are the adrenal glands within the protective structures for the kindey’s?

Answer 5

Yes

Question 6

What does hilum mean?

Answer 6

Opening

Question 7

What passes through the renal hilum?

Answer 7

Blood vessels

- they enter and exit through here

Question 8

Where is the renal hilum located?

Answer 8

At the transpyloric plane

Question 9

What 3 structures are located at the renal hilum?

Answer 9

1. Ureter
2. Renal artery
3. Renal vein

Question 10

Where in the kidney does the urine get made?

Answer 10

In the cortex

- the functional part

Question 11

Where do the renal arteries arise from?

Answer 11

Bilaterally from the aorta below the SMA

Question 12

What do the renal arteries do?

Answer 12

Supply blood to the kidneys

Question 13

Where do the renal arteries lay compared to the renal veins?

Answer 13

Posteriorly

Question 14

Where does the right renal artery run compared to the IVC?

Answer 14

Posteriorly

Question 15

How much of the cardiac output passes through the renal arteries to be filtered?

Answer 15

1/3

Question 16

What is a tributary to the IVC?

Answer 16

Renal veins

Question 17

Where does the left renal vein pass compared to the SMA and the aorta? (2)

Answer 17

1. Posterior to the SMA

2. Anterior to the aorta

Question 18

What do the renal veins do?

Answer 18

Drain the kidneys of blood and carries blood purified by the kidneys

Question 19

Which renal vein is longest?

Answer 19

The left renal vein

Question 20

Where do ureters originate?

Answer 20

In the renal pelvis

Question 21

Where do ureters lay?

Answer 21

Medial to the renal hilum

Question 22

What does the upper expanded end of the ureter receive?

Answer 22

Urine from the renal pelvis

Question 23

What do the ureters do?

Answer 23

Moves urine inferiorly to the urinary bladder

Question 24

Are the ureters intro or retro peritoneal?

Answer 24

Retroperitoneal

Question 25

How do the ureters pass the iliac arteries?

Answer 25

Anteriorly

Question 26

Where are kidneys situated compared to the QL muscles?

Answer 26

Anteriorly

Question 27

Are adrenal glands intro or retro peritoneal?

Answer 27

Retroperitoneal

Question 28

Where are the adrenal glands located?

Answer 28

Superior and slightly medial to the kidneys

Question 29

Where are the adrenal glands located compared to the QL and psoas muscles?

Answer 29

Anteriorly

Question 30

What encloses the kidneys and the adrenal glands?

Answer 30

The gerota’s fascia

Question 31

What supplies the adrenal glands with blood? (3)

Answer 31

1. Superior suprarenal arteries
2. Middle suprarenal arteries
3. Inferior suprarenal arteries

Question 32

What drains the adrenal glands?

Answer 32

The suprarenal veins

Question 33

What does the left renal vein drain into?

Answer 33

The left renal vein collects blood from other left veins before going to the IVC

Question 34

What does the right renal vein drain into?

Answer 34

The IVC directly

Question 35

What duct runs posterior to the first part of the duodenum and the head of the pancreas?

Answer 35

The common bile duct

Question 36

What pancreatic duct is more superior?

Answer 36

Minor papillary

- duct of santorini