Lesson 5A (Part 1)

Question 1

What is the gastrointestinal tract comprised of? (5)

Answer 1

1. Mouth
2. Pharynx
3. Esophagus
4. Stomach
5. Small/large intestines

Question 2

How many sections is the pharynx divided into?

Answer 2

3

Question 3

Where does the esophagus lay compared to the trachea?

Answer 3

Posterior

Question 4

Where does the esophagus extend from?

Answer 4

From the cricoid cartilage to the stomach

Question 5

Where is the esophagus compared to the aorta?

Answer 5

To the right of it

Question 6

What happens to the esophagus at T7?

Answer 6

It moves to the left and passes anterior to the aorta to the stomach

Question 7

What happens to the esophagus at T10?

Answer 7

It penetrates the diaphragm

- esophageal hiatus

Question 8

Esophageal hiatus

Answer 8

Opening in the diaphragm through which the esophagus passes

Question 9

What is the right margin of the esophagus continuous with?

Answer 9

The lesser curvature of the stomach

Question 10

What is the left margin of the esophagus separated from the fundus by?

Answer 10

The cardiac notch

Question 11

Where does the terminal portion of the esophagus enter?

Answer 11

The stomach at the cardiac orifice

Question 12

Cardiac orifice

Answer 12

The opening of the esophagus into the stomach

Question 13

What is another word for the cardiac orifice?

Answer 13

Esophageal gastric junction

- EGJ

Question 14

What does the lower esophageal sphincter do? (2)

Answer 14

1. Slows the passage of food into the stomach

2. Prevents reflux

Question 15

Why is it that after the cricoid cartilage (ring shaped) does the trachea become U shaped?

Answer 15

To allow movement of food

Question 16

What quadrant does the stomach lay?

Answer 16

Upper left quadrant

Question 17

Where is the lesser curvature of the stomach?

Answer 17

Directly medial and superior to the stomach

Question 18

Where is the greater curvature of the stomach?

Answer 18

Directly lateral and inferiorly to the stomach

Question 19

What are the 4 main parts of the stomach?

Answer 19

1. Cardia
2. Fundus
3. Body
4. Pylorus

Question 20

What 2 parts make up the pylorus?

Answer 20

1. Antrum

2. Canal

Question 21

What supplies the stomach with blood? (3)

Answer 21

1. Left gastric artery
2. Splenic artery
3. Common hepatic artery

Question 22

What does the left gastric artery supply? (2)

Answer 22

1. The lesser curvature

2. Part of the fundus

Question 23

What does the splenic artery supply? (2)

Answer 23

1. Lateral fundus
   - through short gastric arteries
2. Greater curvature
   - through left gastro-epiploic artery

Question 24

What does the common hepatic artery supply?

Answer 24

Greater curvature

- through right gastric artery and right gastro-epiploic artery

Question 25

How do the veins in the stomach work?

Answer 25

The same as the arteries but is taken to the liver through the portal system before going back to the IVC

Question 26

What is the epiploic related to?

Answer 26

The omentum