Lesson 2A (Part 1) Flashcards
What is the superior border of the abdominal cavity?
Diaphragm
What is the inferior border of the abdominal cavity?
Pelvic brim
- linea terminalis
What is the anterior border of the abdominal cavity? (3)
- Umbilicus
- Skin
- Muscles
What is the posterior border of the abdominal cavity? (2)
- Muscles
- Vertebrae
- spine
What is the lateral border of the abdominal cavity? (2)
- Skin
2. Muscles
Where does the diaphragm extend?
Extends superiorly under the ribcage to the level of the 5th inter-costal space (rib)
What is a crus?
Tendon
Where does the crus of the diaphragm extend?
Extends down to the upper lumbar vertebrae, bilaterally
What 3 structures pass through the opening of the thoracic cavity into the abdominal cavity?
- Aorta
- most posterior (T12) - IVC
- most anterior (T8) - Esophagus
- T10
Where does the diaphragm attach to?
The bottom half of the ribs
What is the plural form of crus?
Crural
Where is the linea terminalis (pelvic brim)
Is a line that goes from the sacral promontory following around arcuate line to the symphysis pubis
What does the linea terminalis divide?
Between the abdominal cavity and the pelvic cavity
Where is the promontory located?
S1
Linea terminalis
Is the “plate” that covers the pelvis
What are the 4 different vertebrae regions?
- Cervical
- Thoracic
- Lumbar
- Sacrum
How many vertebrae are in the cervical region?
7 (C1-C7)
How many vertebrae are in the thoracic region?
12 (T1-T12)
How many vertebrae are in the lumbar region?
5 (L1-L5)
How many vertebrae are in the sacrum region?
5 fused vertebrae
What makes up the tailbone?
Coccyx
- 2-3 fused vertebrae
What does the abdominal walls not have that the thorax and pelvis do?
No bony reinforcements or protection
What does the anterolateral abdominal wall consist of?
4 muscle pairs arranged in layers and the fascia that envelops them
What does the posterior abdominal wall consist of? (3)
- Lumbar spine
- Psoas major
- Quadratus lumborum
What plane does the tubercle that sit on the pelvic crest lay?
L5
What plane does the iliac crest sit?
L4
What plane does the umbilicus sit?
L3
What does costal mean?
Ribs
Pyloric sphinctor
Is a valve at the bottom of your stomach
- L1
What side of your body should you lay on if you feel sick?
Your right
- not pressing on your stomach
What are the 5 horizontal lines in your abdomin?
- Transplyoric
- Subcostal
- Transumbilical
- Interiliac
- Transtubercular
What lumbar level would you find the transpyloric?
Mid L1
What lumbar level would you find the subcostal?
Mid L3
What lumbar level would you find the trans-umbilical?
L3 - L4
What lumbar level would you find the interiliac?
Lower L4
What lumbar level would you find the transbercular?
Mid L5
What are the 2 vertical lines in the abdomin (medially)?
- Medial line
2. Midclavicular lines (R/L)
Where does the medial line run?
Down the centre of the body
- mid sgaittal
Where does the mid clavicular lines run?
Lines up through the nipples
What are the 3 vertical lines in the abdomin (laterally)?
- Anterior axillary line
- Midaxillary line
- Posterior axillary line
